Shloka 34
Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)
Devanagari script
यं च कज्चिद् द्विजातीनां शूद्र: शुश्रूषुराव्रजेत्
Transliteration
yaṃ ca kaścid dvijātīnāṃ śūdraḥ śuśrūṣur āvrajet
Translation
และหากศูทรผู้มุ่งหมายจะปรนนิบัติด้วยความเคารพ เข้าไปหาใครผู้หนึ่งในหมู่ทวิชะ…
Word by Word
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
कञ्चित्any (someone)
कञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विजातीनाम्of the twice-born (classes)
द्विजातीनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
शूद्रःa Shudra
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुश्रूषुःdesirous of serving
शुश्रूषुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुश्रूषु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आव्रजेत्should go/approach
आव्रजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + व्रज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaŚ
ŚūdraD
Dvijāti (twice-born)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a dharmic scenario in which a Śūdra, motivated by śuśrūṣā (respectful service and attendance), approaches a member of the twice-born classes; it introduces norms of conduct centered on service, humility, and social duty.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he begins a conditional statement about a Śūdra who approaches a dvijāti with the intention to serve, setting up the rule or consequence that follows in the subsequent verse(s).