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Shloka 75

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

एतत्‌ कृत्वा शुभं॑ शास्त्र ततः स भगवान्‌ प्रभु: | देवानुवाच संदृष्ट: सर्वान्‌ शक्रपुरोगमान्‌,इस शुभ शास्त्रका निर्माण करके जगत्‌के स्वामी भगवान्‌ ब्रह्मा बड़े प्रसन्न हुए और इन्द्र आदि सम्पूर्ण देवताओंसे इस प्रकार बोले--

etat kṛtvā śubhaṃ śāstra tataḥ sa bhagavān prabhuḥ | devān uvāca saṃdṛṣṭaḥ sarvān śakra-purogamān ||

ครั้นทรงรจนาคัมภีร์อันเป็นมงคลนี้แล้ว พระผู้เป็นเจ้าและจอมอธิปติพรหมาก็ทรงปีติยิ่งนัก จากนั้นเมื่อทอดพระเนตรเหล่าเทพทั้งปวงซึ่งมีศักระ (อินทรา) นำหน้า พระองค์จึงตรัสแก่พวกเขาดังนี้

एतत्this (thing)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done/made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
शुभम्auspicious
शुभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शास्त्रम्treatise/teaching
शास्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभुःthe master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनुवाचsaid to/addressed
अनुवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (वदने) उपसर्ग: अनु-
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
संदृष्टःhaving seen/after seeing
संदृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + दृश् (दर्शने)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शक्रIndra
शक्र:
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental (in compound), Singular
पुरोगमान्having (him) in front; led by
पुरोगमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोगम (पुरस् + गम्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brahmā
D
Devas
Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as grounded in an authoritative śāstra: a beneficial, well-ordered teaching is deliberately composed and then communicated by a legitimate divine authority to guide the gods (and, by extension, the world) in maintaining cosmic and ethical order.

Bhīṣma narrates that Brahmā has just created an auspicious treatise (śāstra). Pleased with this accomplishment, Brahmā looks upon the assembled gods led by Indra and begins to address them, setting up the ensuing instruction.