Shloka 39

Śara-śayyā-sthita-bhīṣma-saṃvāda-prastāvaḥ

The Prelude to Questioning Bhīṣma on the Bed of Arrows

Devanagari script

तस्मात्‌ पुन्रनैश्न पौत्रैश्न धर्मान्‌ पृष्टानू सनातनान्‌ | विद्वाञ्जिज्ञासमानैस्त्वं प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

tasmāt punar naiśnau pautraiś ca dharmān pṛṣṭān anu sanātanān | vidvān jijñāsamānais tvaṃ prabrūhi bharatarṣabha ||

Translation

“ฉะนั้น โอผู้ประเสริฐยิ่งในหมู่ภารตะ โปรดกล่าวอีกครั้งถึงหลักธรรมะอันเป็นนิรันดร์และสืบมาแต่โบราณ ซึ่งไนศนะและเหล่าหลานได้ทูลถาม เพราะท่านเป็นผู้รู้ และพวกเขาปรารถนาจะรู้ยิ่งนัก”

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that (reason)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• अनैषीः: you led/you brought
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (नयति)
• Form: Aorist (simple aorist), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पौत्रैः: by/with the grandsons
• पौत्रैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौत्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• धर्मान्: duties/laws (dharmas)
• धर्मान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पृष्टान्: asked/inquired (about)
• Type: Participle
• Root: पृच्छ्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• अनु: according to/after
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• सनातनान्: eternal/ancient
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विद्वान्: the wise one/knower
• विद्वान्: Karta
• Type: Noun (agentive)
• Root: विद्वस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जिज्ञासमानैः: by those who are eager to know/inquiring
• जिज्ञासमानैः: Karana
• Type: Participle
• Root: जिज्ञास् (desiderative of ज्ञा)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural, शानच् (present active participle, Ātmanepada sense)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• प्रब्रूहि: tell/declare
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• भरतर्षभ: Sampradana
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: भरत + ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāyudeva
• Naiśna
• the grandsons (pautra)