Shloka 19

लाघवाद्‌ व्याकुलीकृत्य कर्ण: प्रहरतां वर: । हतसूतांश्व भूयिष्ठानवजिग्ये नराधिपान्‌

lāghavād vyākulīkṛtya karṇaḥ praharatāṃ varaḥ | hatasūtānśva bhūyiṣṭhān avajigye narādhipān ||

ด้วยความว่องไวเขาทำให้ฝ่ายตรงข้ามสับสน กรรณะผู้เลิศในการโจมตี ครั้นสังหารสารถีและม้ามากมายแล้ว ก็พิชิตบรรดากษัตริย์เหล่านั้นครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่า

लाघवात्by/through lightness (agility)
लाघवात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलाघव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
व्याकुलीकृत्यhaving thrown into confusion
व्याकुलीकृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootव्याकुली-कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having made (them) confused
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहरताम्(of) those who were striking/attacking
प्रहरताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, लट्, genitive plural participial sense in context: 'of those who were striking/attacking'
वरःthe best, the foremost
वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हतसूतान्those whose charioteers were slain
हतसूतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहत-सूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भूयिष्ठान्most, very many
भूयिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अवजिग्येdefeated, overcame
अवजिग्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√जि
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, लिट्
नराधिपान्kings, rulers of men
नराधिपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर-अधिप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
K
Karṇa
S
sūta (charioteers)
A
aśva (horses)
N
narādhipa (kings)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that dominance in conflict can arise from speed, precision, and disruption of an opponent’s support system (charioteers and horses). Ethically, it hints that outcomes in war are shaped as much by tactical destruction of enabling structures as by direct confrontation with leaders.

Nārada describes Karṇa’s performance in battle: through swift attacks he confuses the opposing side, kills many charioteers and horses, and thereby repeatedly defeats numerous kings.