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Shloka 21

Āścarya-kathana: Brāhmaṇa–Nāga Dialogue on Sūrya (Vivasvat) and the ‘Second Sun’ Phenomenon

त्रिःपरिक्रान्तवानेतत्‌ सुपर्णो धर्ममुत्तमम्‌ । यस्मात्‌ तस्माद्‌ व्रतं होतत्‌ त्रिसौपर्णमिहोच्यते

triḥparikrāntavān etat suparṇo dharmam uttamam | yasmāt tasmād vrataṃ hy etat trisauparṇam ihocyate ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “สุปรรณะ (ครุฑ) ได้ปฏิบัติธรรมอันสูงสุดนี้โดยสาธยายและประกอบพิธีซ้ำถึงสามครั้ง เพราะเหตุนั้นวัตรนี้จึงเรียก ณ ที่นี้ว่า ‘ตรีเสาปรรณะ’—ตามการสาธยายและการปฏิบัติสามประการของสุปรรณะ”

त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस्
परिक्रान्तवान्having gone around / having repeated (performed) fully
परिक्रान्तवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-क्रम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्तवतुँ (past active participle)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सुपर्णःSuparṇa (Garuda)
सुपर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुपर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, religious observance
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent, highest
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यस्मात्from which, because of which
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore, from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
व्रतम्vow, observance
व्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
होतत्was (occurred/existed)
होतत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिसौपर्णम्the (rite) called ‘Tri-sauparṇa’
त्रिसौपर्णम्:
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिसौपर्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इहhere (in this context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
उच्यतेis called / is said
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada, Passive

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
S
Suparṇa (Garuḍa)
T
Trisauparṇa-vrata

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how disciplined repetition and faithful completion of a righteous observance (vrata) elevates it to ‘uttama dharma’; the name ‘Trisauparṇa’ itself preserves the ethical idea that sustained, repeated practice strengthens dharma.

Vaiśaṃpāyana explains the origin of the term ‘Trisauparṇa’: Suparṇa (Garuḍa) performed or recited the prescribed dharma three times, and from that threefold performance the vow received its name.