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Shloka 99

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

यज्ञेष्वग्रहर: प्रोक्तो यज्ञधारी च नित्यदा । निवृत्तिं चास्थितो धर्म गतिमक्षयधर्मिणाम्‌ | प्रवृत्तिधर्मान्‌ विदधे कृत्वा लोकस्य चित्रताम्‌

yajñeṣv agraharaḥ prokto yajñadhārī ca nityadā | nivṛttiṁ cāsthito dharmaṁ gatim akṣayadharmiṇām || pravṛttidharmān vidadhe kṛtvā lokasya citratām |

พระองค์ทรงถูกประกาศว่าเป็นผู้รับส่วนอันประเสริฐในยัญ และทรงเป็นผู้ทรงไว้ซึ่งยัญอยู่เนืองนิตย์. บางคราวพระองค์ทรงสถิตในนิวฤตติธรรม อันเป็นมรรคาของผู้มีธรรมไม่เสื่อม; บางคราวทรงคำนึงถึงความหลากหลายของโลก แล้วทรงบัญญัติปรวฤตติธรรม.

यज्ञेषुin sacrifices
यज्ञेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अग्रहरःthe foremost receiver (of oblations)
अग्रहरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्रहर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तःsaid/declared
प्रोक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-वच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
यज्ञधारीupholder/supporter of sacrifice
यज्ञधारी:
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञधारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नित्यदाalways
नित्यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यदा
निवृत्तिम्cessation/withdrawal (path)
निवृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आस्थितःhaving resorted to/abiding in
आस्थितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-स्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past active participle (kta, parasmaipada sense)
धर्मम्dharma; law; duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्course/way; goal
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षयधर्मिणाम्of those whose dharma is imperishable
अक्षयधर्मिणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षयधर्मिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रवृत्तिधर्मान्duties of engagement (active life)
प्रवृत्तिधर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवृत्तिधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विदधेhe established/ordained
विदधे:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृत्वाhaving made/caused
कृत्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
लोकस्यof the world
लोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चित्रताम्variegatedness/diversity
चित्रताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)
N
Nivṛtti-dharma
P
Pravṛtti-dharma

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a twofold framework of dharma: nivṛtti (withdrawal/renunciation) for those oriented to imperishable spiritual attainment, and pravṛtti (engaged action) for sustaining social and worldly order. The same divine principle upholds both, according to the needs and varied temperaments of beings.

Vyāsa describes the supreme upholder of yajña and dharma as alternately establishing renunciant and active modes of righteousness. The point is explanatory and doctrinal: it justifies why scripture and tradition contain both paths—retreat from action and regulated action—depending on context and capacity.