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Shloka 14

Puruṣaikatva-vyākhyāna: The One Virāṭ Puruṣa and the Many ‘Puruṣas’

Rudra–Brahmā Saṃvāda

छागेनाजेन यष्टव्यमेवमुक्तं वचस्तदा । भीष्मजी कहते हैं--राजन्‌! देवताओंका मत जानकर राजा वसुने उन्हींका पक्ष लेकर कह दिया कि अजका अर्थ है, छाग (बकरा); अतः उसीके द्वारा यज्ञ करना चाहिये ।। १३६ || कुपितास्ते ततः सर्वे मुनय: सूर्यवर्चस:

chāgenājena yaṣṭavyam evam uktaṁ vacas tadā | kupitās te tataḥ sarve munayaḥ sūryavarcasaḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—ครั้งนั้นมีถ้อยคำว่า “พึงประกอบยัญด้วย ‘ฉาคะ’ (แพะ) เพราะนี่แลคือความหมายของ ‘อชะ’” ครั้นยึดฝ่ายเทวะแล้ว พระราชาวสุประกาศความหมายเช่นนั้น ครั้นแล้วเหล่าฤษีผู้รุ่งเรืองดุจสุริยะก็พากันกริ้วนัก

छागेनby a goat
छागेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootछाग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अजेनby an aja (goat / unborn / a kind of animal; here ‘goat’ by interpretation)
अजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यष्टव्यम्is to be sacrificed / should be performed (sacrifice should be done)
यष्टव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
Formतव्यत्, Passive (obligation), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तम्said / spoken
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त, Passive (past participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech; statement
वचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
कुपिताःangered
कुपिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकुपित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ततःthereupon; from that (time)
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मुनयःsages
मुनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सूर्यवर्चसःhaving sun-like radiance
सूर्यवर्चसः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसूर्यवर्चस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
Rājā Vasu
D
Devatāḥ (the gods)
M
Munayaḥ (the sages)
C
Chāga (goat)
A
Aja (term under dispute)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how dharma in ritual practice can hinge on interpretation of authoritative words: a single term (“aja”) may be read differently, and choosing an interpretation—especially by aligning with one authority (the gods) against another (the sages)—can carry ethical and social consequences.

In Bhishma’s account, King Vasu, after learning the gods’ view, declares that “aja” should be understood as “chāga” (goat) and that the sacrifice should be performed accordingly. This pronouncement provokes the sun-bright sages, who become angry, setting up a conflict over ritual meaning and authority.