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Shloka 165

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

ननु नाम त्वया मोक्ष: कृत्स्न: पठचशिखाच्छुत: । सोपाय: सोपनिषद: सोपासड्ग: सनिश्चय:

nanu nāma tvayā mokṣaḥ kṛtsnaḥ pañcaśikhāc chrutaḥ | sopāyaḥ sopaniṣadaḥ sopāsaṅgaḥ saniścayaḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “แท้จริงท่านได้สดับคำสอนแห่งโมกษะโดยครบถ้วนจากฤๅษีปัญจศิขะแล้ว—พร้อมทั้งวิธีปฏิบัติ รากฐานแห่งอุปนิษัท วินัยเกื้อหนุน และความแน่ชัดอันเกิดจากการรู้แจ้ง โอ พระราชา หากท่านหลุดพ้นจากความยึดติดและยืนหยัดหลังตัดขาดพันธนาการทั้งปวงแล้ว ไฉนความยึดติดจึงยังเกิดขึ้นต่อเครื่องหมายราชศักดิ์ เช่น ฉัตรและพัดโบก (จามร)?”

ननुindeed; surely (introducing a reminder/objection)
ननु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootननु
नामindeed; emphatic particle
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
मोक्षःliberation; moksha
मोक्षः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कृत्स्नःentire; complete
कृत्स्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पञ्चशिखात्from (the sage) Pañcaśikhā
पञ्चशिखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चशिखा
Formfeminine, ablative, singular
श्रुतःheard; learned
श्रुतः:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formpast passive participle (क्त), masculine, nominative, singular
सोपायःtogether with the means (upāya)
सोपायः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस + उपाय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सोपनिषदःtogether with the Upaniṣads (i.e., their teaching)
सोपनिषदः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस + उपनिषद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सोपसङ्गःtogether with the accessories/ancillaries (supporting disciplines)
सोपसङ्गः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस + उपसङ्ग
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सनिश्चयःtogether with firm ascertainment/conviction
सनिश्चयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस + निश्चय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pañcaśikha
M
mokṣa (liberation teaching)
U
Upaniṣads
R
royal parasol (chatra)
C
chowries (cāmara)

Educational Q&A

Even after learning the full doctrine of liberation—its method, scriptural grounding, supportive disciplines, and the certainty of realization—one must test oneself for residual attachment. Clinging to status-symbols (like parasol and chowries) reveals that bondage can persist subtly, and true mokṣa requires inner non-attachment, not merely hearing or intellectual assent.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma challenges a royal listener who has studied mokṣa-śāstra. He points out an inconsistency: if the listener has truly cut all bonds, why is there still attraction to royal emblems and privileges? The question functions as moral and spiritual correction.