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Shloka 19

Jarā-Mṛtyu-anatikrama: Janaka–Pañcaśikha-saṃvāda

Aging and Death Cannot Be Overstepped

क्षरो भवत्येष यदा तदा गुणवतीमथ । प्रकृतिं त्वभिजानाति निर्गुणत्वं तथा55त्मन:,जब यह पुरुष क्षर होता है, अर्थात्‌ परमात्मामें लीन हो जाता है, उस समय वह प्रकृतिके सगुणत्वको और अपने निर्गुणत्वको यथार्थ समझ लेता है

kṣaro bhavaty eṣa yadā tadā guṇavatīm atha | prakṛtiṁ tv abhijānāti nirguṇatvaṁ tathātmanaḥ ||

เมื่อบุคคลนี้เป็นดุจ “กษร” —คือเมื่อหลอมรวมสู่ปรมาตมัน—เขาย่อมรู้ชัดว่าปฤกฤติมีคุณทั้งหลาย และรู้ชัดด้วยว่าอาตมันของตนแท้จริงเป็นนิรคุณ.

क्षरःthe perishable (state/being)
क्षरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
गुणवतीम्possessed of qualities (saguṇa)
गुणवतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
प्रकृतिम्Prakriti, nature
प्रकृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
अभिजानातिfully knows/recognizes
अभिजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ज्ञा (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निर्गुणत्वम्quality-less state (nirguṇatva)
निर्गुणत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्गुणत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
P
prakṛti
Ā
ātman
G
guṇas

Educational Q&A

Right discernment (viveka): prakṛti is inherently guṇa-made (saguṇa), while the true Self is nirguṇa. Liberation is described as merging into the Supreme, where this distinction becomes directly known.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing on liberation and metaphysical discrimination: as the individual’s identity with change falls away and he becomes absorbed in the Supreme, he recognizes the guṇas as belonging to prakṛti and realizes the Self’s qualityless nature.