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Shloka 33

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

कथं न विप्रणश्येम योनितो<स्या इति प्रभो । कुर्वन्ति धर्म मनुजा: श्रुतिप्रामाण्यदर्शनात्‌,'प्रभो! हम कौन ऐसा उपाय करें, जिससे हमें इस मनुष्य-योनिसे नीचे न गिरना पड़े' यह सोचकर और वैदिक प्रमाणोंपर विचार करके मनुष्य धर्मका अनुष्ठान करते हैं

kathaṁ na vipraṇaśyema yonito ’syā iti prabho | kurvanti dharma manuṣyāḥ śrutiprāmāṇyadarśanāt ||

“ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า เราจะทำอย่างไรจึงจะไม่พินาศ—ไม่ตกต่ำจากภพมนุษย์นี้ไปสู่ภพที่ต่ำกว่า?” ด้วยความคิดเช่นนี้ และด้วยการพิจารณาความเป็นหลักฐานอันเชื่อถือได้ของศรุติ (พระเวท) มนุษย์ทั้งหลายจึงประกอบธรรม

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विप्रणश्येमmight we perish / fall away
विप्रणश्येम:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नश्
FormVidhi-linga, optative, 1, plural, Parasmaipada
योनितःfrom the womb/species (state of birth)
योनितः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
Formfeminine, ablative, singular
अस्याःof this (human) [yoni]
अस्याः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formfeminine, genitive, singular
इतिthus (quoting)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
कुर्वन्तिthey do / perform
कुर्वन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormLat, present, 3, plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मम्dharma, righteous duty
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
मनुजाःmen, human beings
मनुजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
श्रुति-प्रामाण्य-दर्शनात्from/through considering the authority of śruti (Veda)
श्रुति-प्रामाण्य-दर्शनात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदर्शन
Formneuter, ablative, singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
P
prabhu (addressed lord/master)
M
manuṣyāḥ (human beings)
Ś
śruti (Vedic revelation)

Educational Q&A

Humans practice dharma with the aim of not degenerating from the precious human condition, grounding their conduct in the recognized authority of śruti (Vedic revelation) as a reliable guide for right living.

Parāśara addresses a ‘lord’ and explains the motivation behind human religious-ethical practice: people, fearing downfall into lower births and trusting śruti as authoritative, undertake dharma as a deliberate discipline.