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Shloka 31

सांख्ययोगभेदः तथा योगबलोपदेशः

Sāṃkhya–Yoga Distinction and Instruction on Yogic Strength

अपश्यमानस्तद्‌ द्वारं सर्वतः पिहितो मुनि: । पर्यक्रामद्‌ दह्मुमान इतश्रैतश्न॒ तेजसा

apaśyamānas tad dvāraṁ sarvataḥ pihito muniḥ | paryakrāmad dahmumān itaś caitaś ca tejasā ||

เมื่อไม่พบประตูนั้น และถูกปิดล้อมจากทุกทิศ มุนีผู้เปี่ยมด้วยพลังภายในจึงเคลื่อนไปมาเสาะหาทางออก ด้วยเดชแห่งตบะและพลังจิตวิญญาณของตน

अपश्यमानःnot seeing
अपश्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb-derived adjective (present participle)
Rootअपश्यत् (√दृश्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्वारम्door, gate
द्वारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सर्वतःon all sides, from every direction
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
पिहितःcovered, shut, blocked
पिहितः:
Karta
TypeVerb-derived adjective (past passive participle)
Rootपिहित (√धा/√धि?; conventional past passive participle of √धा with prefix पि-)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्यक्रामत्went around, circumambulated
पर्यक्रामत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + √क्रम्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रह्मवान्possessed of brahman (spiritual power/knowledge)
ब्रह्मवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतश्from here, on this side
इतश्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतस्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतश्from there, on that side
एतश्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएतस्
तेजसाby (his) radiance/energy
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
muni (a sage)
D
dvāra (doorway/exit)

Educational Q&A

When ordinary means fail and one feels hemmed in, the verse highlights steadfast effort guided by inner discipline: the sage does not collapse into despair but continues searching, relying on tejas—earned spiritual strength—rather than agitation or wrongdoing.

A sage finds himself blocked on all sides and cannot locate the exit. He moves about in different directions, attempting to discover a way out, empowered by his ascetic energy (tejas).