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Shloka 50

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

ज्ञानं प्लावयते सर्व यो ज्ञान हानुवर्तते । ज्ञानादपेत्य या वृत्ति: सा विनाशयति प्रजा:

jñānaṁ plāvayate sarvaṁ yo jñānam anuvartate | jñānād apetyā yā vṛttiḥ sā vināśayati prajāḥ ||

ผู้ใดดำเนินตามญาณโดยแท้ ญาณย่อมพาข้ามพ้นเครื่องผูกพันแห่งโลกทั้งปวงได้โดยสวัสดี; แต่ความประพฤติใดที่คลาดจากญาณ ย่อมนำสัตว์ทั้งหลายไปสู่ความพินาศ โยนกลับสู่จักรวัฏแห่งเกิดและตายอีกครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่า

ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्लावयतेcauses to cross over / ferries across
प्लावयते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्लु (प्लावयति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (ṇij)
सर्वम्all (everything)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुवर्ततेfollows / practices
अनुवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
ज्ञानात्from knowledge
ज्ञानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपेत्यhaving departed (from) / having left
अपेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअपि/अप + इ (अप√इ)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund, -त्वा/ल्यप्), ल्यप् (य)
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वृत्तिःconduct / activity / tendency
वृत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साthat
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विनाशयतिdestroys / brings to ruin
विनाशयति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि√नश् (विनाशयति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (ṇij)
प्रजाःcreatures / people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
P
prajāḥ (beings/creatures)

Educational Q&A

Kapila teaches that jñāna—true liberating knowledge—functions like a raft: one who follows it is carried beyond worldly bondage, while conduct divorced from knowledge leads to spiritual and existential ruin by perpetuating saṁsāra.

In Śānti Parva’s didactic discourse, Kapila is instructing about the supremacy of knowledge over mere action: adherence to knowledge liberates, whereas ignorant activity binds beings to repeated birth and death.