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Shloka 25

नारद–असित (देवल) संवादः — भूतप्रभवाप्यय, इन्द्रिय-गुण-विवेक, क्षेत्रज्ञ-तत्त्व

ओषध्य: पशवो वृक्षा वीरुदाज्यं पयो दधि । हविर्भूमिर्दिश: श्रद्धा कालश्चैतानि द्वादश,ओषधि (अन्न आदि), पशु, वृक्ष, लता, घी, दूध, दही, अन्यान्य हविष्य, भूमि, दिशा, श्रद्धा और काल--ये बारह यज्ञके अंग हैं

oṣadhyaḥ paśavo vṛkṣā vīrud ājyaṃ payo dadhi | havir bhūmir diśaḥ śraddhā kālaś caitāni dvādaśa ||

สมุนไพรและธัญญาหาร สัตว์ ต้นไม้ และเถาวัลย์; เนยใส น้ำนม และนมเปรี้ยว; เครื่องบูชาอื่น ๆ; แผ่นดิน ทิศทั้งหลาย ศรัทธา และกาลเวลา—ทั้งสิบสองนี้คือองค์ประกอบแห่งยัชญะ

ओषध्यःmedicinal herbs / plants
ओषध्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पशवःanimals (cattle etc.)
पशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वृक्षाःtrees
वृक्षाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वीरुदाcreepers / vines
वीरुदा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीरुध्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
आज्यम्ghee (clarified butter)
आज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पयःmilk
पयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दधिcurd / yogurt
दधि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदधि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हविःoblation (sacrificial offering)
हविः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भूमिःearth / ground
भूमिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दिशःdirections / quarters
दिशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
श्रद्धाfaith / reverence
श्रद्धा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रद्धा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कालःtime
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
O
oṣadhi (herbs/grains)
P
paśu (animals)
V
vṛkṣa (trees)
V
vīrud (creepers)
Ā
ājya (ghee)
P
payaḥ (milk)
D
dadhi (curd)
H
havis (oblations)
B
bhūmi (earth)
D
diś (directions)
Ś
śraddhā (faith)
K
kāla (time)

Educational Q&A

Sacrifice (yajña) rests on a complete ecology of supports—natural resources (plants, animals, earth, directions), ritual substances (ghee, milk, curd, oblations), and inner and cosmic conditions (faith and time). The verse teaches that righteous action is sustained by both outer means and inner intention, within the order of time.

In Kapila’s discourse in the Śānti Parva, he enumerates the foundational components that make yajña possible, expanding the listener’s view from a mere fire-ritual to a broader moral and cosmic framework in which sacrifice is embedded.