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Shloka 63

पापात्म-धर्मात्म-लक्षणम् तथा निर्वेदेन मोक्षमार्गः | Marks of the Sinful and the Righteous; Dispassion (Nirveda) as a Path to Liberation

हन्या इति समादेश: शस्त्रपाणौ सुते स्थिते । विनीते प्रसवत्यर्थे विवासे चात्मकर्मसु,अपने आवश्यक कर्म जप-ध्यान आदिके लिये महर्षि गौतमके बाहर चले जानेपर उनका पुत्र चिरकारी यद्यपि हाथमें हथियार लेकर खड़ा था तथापि माताकी रक्षाके लिये वह विनीतभावसे कुछ सोचता-विचारता रहा। इसीलिये माताको मार डालनेका जो आदेश प्राप्त हुआ था, वह पालित न हो सका

hanyā iti samādeśaḥ śastrapāṇau sute sthite | vinīte prasavatyarthe vivāse cātmakarmasu ||

“จงฆ่านางเสีย!”—แม้มีบัญชาเช่นนั้น และบุตรของโคตมะยืนถืออาวุธอยู่ในมือ เขาก็มิได้พุ่งเข้าสู่ความรุนแรงโดยฉับพลัน ครั้นมหาฤๅษีโคตมะออกไปประกอบกิจจำเป็น เช่น ชปะและสมาธิ บุตรคือจิรการี—สมชื่อผู้กระทำด้วยความรอบคอบ—ยังคงสำรวม ใคร่ครวญว่าธรรมอันใดควรกระทำ ด้วยความนอบน้อมและการไตร่ตรองนั้น คำสั่งให้ฆ่ามารดาจึงมิอาจสำเร็จ และชีวิตของนางก็ได้รับการคุ้มครอง

हन्याshould kill
हन्या:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormVidhi-linga, Optative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus (quoting)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
समादेशःcommand, order
समादेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमादेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्रपाणौin/when (he) had a weapon in hand; armed
शस्त्रपाणौ:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशस्त्रपाणि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सुतेin the son
सुते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थितेstanding, stationed
स्थिते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Locative, Singular
विनीतेbeing humble/obedient; in a disciplined state
विनीते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नी
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine, Locative, Singular
प्रसवतिbrings forth, produces
प्रसवति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-सू
FormLat, Present, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्थेin the matter/purpose
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विवासेin exile/banishment; in living away
विवासे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविवास
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मकर्मसुin one’s own duties/acts
आत्मकर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Maharshi Gautama
C
Chirakarin (Gautama’s son)
M
Mother (Gautama’s wife; unnamed here)
W
Weapon (śastra)

Educational Q&A

Even when a command to punish seems authoritative, one must pause and examine dharma. Chirakārin’s restraint shows that self-control and moral deliberation can avert irreversible harm; obedience is not higher than righteous discernment.

Gautama, leaving for his personal religious duties (such as japa and meditation), has issued an order—‘Kill her.’ His son stands armed but, being disciplined and thoughtful, delays and reflects. Because of this delay and ethical consideration, the mother is not killed.