Shloka 10

कालनियमः शोकशमनं च

Kāla as Regulator; Pacification of Grief

Devanagari script

उत्तरेण तु पन्थानं नियमाद्‌ यं प्रपश्यसि । एते यागवतां लोका भान्ति पार्थ सनातना:

Transliteration

uttareṇa tu panthānaṁ niyamād yaṁ prapaśyasi | ete yāgavatāṁ lokā bhānti pārtha sanātanāḥ ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “โอ ปารถะ! หนทางฝ่ายเหนือซึ่งเจ้ามองเห็นได้ด้วยอานุภาพแห่งนียมะ (วินัยเคร่งครัด) นั้น ที่นั่นโลกอันเป็นนิรันดร์ของผู้ประกอบยัญญะย่อมส่องประกาย”

Word by Word

• उत्तरेण: to the north / northwards
• उत्तरेण: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• तु: but, indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पन्थानम्: path, way
• पन्थानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नियमात्: by/through discipline (as the cause)
• नियमात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नियम
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• यम्: which
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रपश्यसि: you clearly see
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√पश्
• Form: Present, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यागवताम्: of those who perform sacrifices
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यागवत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• लोकाः: worlds, realms
• लोकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भान्ति: shine, appear radiant
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भा
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पार्थ: O Partha (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सनातनाः: eternal, ancient
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• uttara-patha (northern path)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Disciplined self-restraint (niyama) grants clarity of vision regarding higher destinies, and selfless sacrificial action (yajña performed without craving for reward) leads to luminous, enduring realms—linking ethical intention with spiritual outcome.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana addresses Arjuna (Pārtha), pointing out a ‘northern path’ that Arjuna can perceive due to his disciplined observance, and explains that the shining eternal worlds seen there belong to those devoted to sacrifice—especially those who perform it without selfish desire.