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Shloka 18

राजधर्मः—राष्ट्ररक्षणं, दण्डनीतिः, हयग्रीवोपाख्यानम्

Royal Duty: Protection, Penal Policy, and the Hayagrīva Exemplum

स कि शोचसि मूढ: सन्‌ शोच्यान्‌ किमनुशोचसि । पश्य दु:खेषु दुःखानि भयेषु च भयान्यपि,“तुम मूढ़ बनकर शोक क्‍यों कर रहे हो? उन मरे हुए शोचनीय व्यक्तियोंका बारंबार स्मरण ही क्यों करते हो? देखो, शोक करनेसे दुःखमें दुःख तथा भयमें भयकी वृद्धि होगी

sa ki śocasi mūḍhaḥ san śocyān kim anuśocasi | paśya duḥkheṣu duḥkhāni bhayeṣu ca bhayāny api ||

เหตุไฉนเจ้าจึงเศร้าโศกทั้งที่หลงผิด? เหตุไฉนเจ้าจึงคร่ำครวญซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่าต่อผู้ที่ควรถูกคร่ำครวญ? จงเห็นให้ชัด—การหมกมุ่นในความโศกย่อมเพิ่มทุกข์ท่ามกลางทุกข์ และเพิ่มความหวาดกลัวท่ามกลางความหวาดกลัว

सःyou/he (that person)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्why/what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शोचसिyou grieve
शोचसि:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मूढःdeluded/foolish
मूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सन्being
सन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शोच्यान्those who are to be grieved for / pitiable
शोच्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशोच्य
Formयत् (gerundive), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
किम्why/what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुafter, again, repeatedly
अनु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
शोचसिyou grieve
शोचसि:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पश्यsee/observe
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुःखेषुin sorrows
दुःखेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
दुःखानिsorrows (increase/occur)
दुःखानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
भयेषुin fears/dangers
भयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भयानिfears (increase/occur)
भयानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Grief that is driven by delusion does not heal; it compounds suffering and amplifies fear. The verse urges clear seeing (paśya) and restraint of repetitive lamentation.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, Vyāsa addresses a grieving listener, rebuking unwise lamentation and pointing out its harmful psychological and ethical consequences.