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Shloka 4

मृत्युकारणप्रश्नः / Inquiry into the Cause and Designation of Death

उभयं सम्प्रधार्यतदध्यवस्येद्‌ यथामति । अनेनैव विधानेन भवेद्‌ गर्भशयो महान्‌,इन दोनों मतोंपर अपनी बुद्धिके अनुसार विचार करके सिद्धान्तका निश्चय करे। इस प्रकार निश्चय करनेसे (बार-बार) गर्भमें शयन करनेवाला जीव महान्‌ हो जाता है

ubhayam sampradhārya tad adhyavasyed yathāmati | anenaiva vidhānena bhaved garbhaśayo mahān ||

วยาสะกล่าวว่า—“เมื่อพิจารณาชั่งน้ำหนักทั้งสองทัศนะแล้ว พึงตั้งข้อยุติตามปัญญาของตน ด้วยวิธีแห่งการใคร่ครวญและความแน่วแน่นี้เอง สัตว์ผู้ต้องนอนในครรภ์ครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่า (เวียนว่ายเกิดใหม่) ย่อมบรรลุความยิ่งใหญ่ภายใน”

उभयम्both (views/things)
उभयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्रधार्यhaving well-considered
सम्प्रधार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-धृ
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
तत्that (decision/conclusion)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अध्यवस्येत्should determine/decide
अध्यवस्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-अव-√सो (अवस/वस्)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाaccording to/as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मतिone's understanding/intellect
मति:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अनेनby this/through this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विधानेनby the method/procedure
विधानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भवेत्would become/should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गर्भशयःone who lies in the womb (embodied being)
गर्भशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

One should not accept a position impulsively; after weighing both sides, one must reach a firm conclusion according to one’s best discernment. Such reflective determination is presented as a means of inner growth for the transmigrating self.

Vyāsa is instructing the listener in a didactic context within Śānti Parva, emphasizing a method of inquiry: consider both viewpoints and then decide. The verse frames this disciplined decision-making as spiritually elevating for the being subject to repeated birth.