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Shloka 14

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

न चात्मा शक्‍्यते द्रष्टमिन्द्रिये: कामगोचरै: । प्रवर्तमानैरनये दुष्करैरकृतात्मभि:

na cātmā śakyate draṣṭum indriyaiḥ kāmagocaraiḥ | pravartamānair anaye duṣkarair akṛtātmabhiḥ ||

วยาสะกล่าวว่า—อาตมันไม่อาจเห็นได้อย่างแท้จริงด้วยอินทรีย์ทั้งหลาย เพราะอินทรีย์เคลื่อนไหวอยู่ในแดนแห่งกามคุณ เมื่อมันแล่นไปตามทางแห่งความหลงผิด—กระสับกระส่ายและยากจะข่มไว้—โดยเฉพาะสำหรับผู้ยังไม่ฝึกตนให้มั่นคง การประจักษ์แจ้งความจริงภายในจึงเป็นไปไม่ได้

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्माthe self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्यतेis able / can be
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormTumun (infinitive)
इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
कामगोचरैःmoving in the range of desires (sense-objects)
कामगोचरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम-गोचर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्रवर्तमानैःoperating / being engaged
प्रवर्तमानैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर्तमान
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अनयेby those that lead astray / improper
अनये:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-नी
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
दुष्करैःhard to control / difficult
दुष्करैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अकृतात्मभिःby the undisciplined (uncontrolled) persons
अकृतात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअकृत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ā
Ātman (Self)
I
Indriyas (senses)
K
Kāma (desire)

Educational Q&A

Self-knowledge is not attained through sense-driven experience, because the senses naturally chase desire and can lead one into error. Therefore, discipline (self-mastery and restraint of the senses) is presented as a prerequisite for perceiving the Ātman.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa delivers instruction on inner discipline and the limits of sensory cognition, emphasizing that those lacking self-control (akṛtātmā) cannot gain direct insight into the Self while the senses remain active in desire’s domain.