Shloka 20

यद्यप्यस्य महीं दद्याद्‌ रत्नपूर्णामिमां नर: । इदमेव ततः श्रेय इति मन्येत तत्त्ववित्‌,यदि कोई मनुष्य रत्नोंसे भरी हुई यह सम्पूर्ण पृथ्वी देने लगे तो भी तत्त्ववेत्ता पुरुष यही समझे कि इस सारे धनकी अपेक्षा यह ज्ञान ही श्रेष्ठ है तत्र यत्‌ प्रीतिसंयुक्तं किंचिदात्मनि लक्षयेत्‌ । प्रशान्तमिव संशुद्ध॑ सत्त्वं तदुपधारयेत्‌ जब अपनेमें कुछ प्रसन्नतायुक्त विशुद्ध और शान्त-सा भाव दिखायी दे, तब यह निश्चय करे कि सत्वगुण प्रवृत्त हुआ है

vyāsa uvāca |

yady apy asya mahīṁ dadyād ratnapūrṇām imāṁ naraḥ |

idam eva tataḥ śreya iti manyeta tattvavit |

tatra yat prītisaṁyuktaṁ kiñcid ātmani lakṣayet |

praśāntam iva saṁśuddhaṁ sattvaṁ tad upadhārayet |

วยาสตรัสว่า—แม้บุรุษผู้หนึ่งจะถวายทานแผ่นดินทั้งผืนนี้ซึ่งเต็มไปด้วยรัตนะ ทว่าผู้รู้ความจริงย่อมเห็นว่า สิ่งที่ประเสริฐยิ่งกว่านั้นมีเพียงสิ่งเดียว คือ ‘ญาณ’ และในเรื่องนี้ เมื่อผู้ใดสังเกตเห็นภายในตนมีความยินดีที่ประกอบด้วยความรัก—บริสุทธิ์และประหนึ่งสงบ—พึงรู้ว่า ‘สัตตวคุณ’ ได้บังเกิดและกำลังทำงานอยู่

yadiif
yadi:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi
apieven/also
api:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi
asyaof him/of this
asya:
TypeNoun
Rootidam (pronoun base: a-)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
mahīmearth
mahīm:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootmahī
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
TypeVerb
Rootdā (to give)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ratna-pūrṇāmfilled with jewels
ratna-pūrṇām:
TypeAdjective
Rootratna + pūrṇa
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
imāmthis
imām:
TypeNoun
Rootidam
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
naraḥa man
naraḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootnara
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
idamthis
idam:
TypeNoun
Rootidam
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
evaindeed/only
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
tataḥfrom that/than that
tataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas
śreyaḥthe better/the highest good
śreyaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootśreyas
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
itithus (quotative)
iti:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti
manyetashould think
manyeta:
TypeVerb
Rootman (to think)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
tattva-vitknower of reality
tattva-vit:
Karta
TypeNoun
Roottattva + vid
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tatrathere/in that context
tatra:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
yatthat which
yat:
TypeNoun
Rootyad
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
prīti-saṃyuktamconnected with joy/pleasure
prīti-saṃyuktam:
TypeAdjective
Rootprīti + saṃyukta
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
kiñcitsomething/a little
kiñcit:
TypeNoun
Rootkiñcit
ātmaniin oneself
ātmani:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootātman
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
lakṣayetshould observe
lakṣayet:
TypeVerb
Rootlakṣ (to notice/mark)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
praśāntamcalm/peaceful
praśāntam:
TypeAdjective
Rootpraśānta
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ivaas if/like
iva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva
saṃśuddhampurified/very pure
saṃśuddham:
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃśuddha
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
sattvamsattva (purity/clarity; the quality of goodness)
sattvam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsattva
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
tatthat
tat:
TypeNoun
Roottad
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
upadhārayetshould ascertain/should conclude
upadhārayet:
TypeVerb
Rootupa-dhṛ (to hold in mind/ascertain)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
mahī (the earth)
R
ratna (jewels)
J
jñāna (knowledge)
S
sattva (sattva-guṇa)

Educational Q&A

True welfare (śreyas) is knowledge, not even the greatest material gift. A practical sign of sattva is an inner state of purified, quiet gladness; recognizing this helps one discern the mind’s movement toward clarity and virtue.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and right living, Vyāsa delivers a didactic comparison—jewel-filled earth versus knowledge—and then gives a diagnostic criterion for inner cultivation: noticing serene, purified joy as the mark of sattva arising.