Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 2

महाभूत–इन्द्रिय–मनस्–बुद्धि–अन्तरात्मा विवेकः | Discrimination of Elements, Senses, Mind, Intellect, and Inner Self

क्रमशस्त्ववधूयैनां तृतीयां वृत्तिमुत्तमाम्‌ । संयोगव्रतखिन्नानां वानप्रस्थाश्रमौकसाम्‌

kramaśas tv avadhūyaināṁ tṛtīyāṁ vṛttim uttamām | saṁyoga-vrata-khinnānāṁ vānaprasthāśramaukāsām, vatsa |

โอ้ลูกเอ๋ย เมื่อค่อย ๆ วางแม้ ‘วิถีที่สาม’ อันประเสริฐนี้ (ระเบียบคฤหัสถ์) ลงเสีย แล้วผู้ที่อ่อนล้าจากพรตและข้อกำกับซึ่งปฏิบัติร่วมกับคู่ครอง และได้อาศัยวานปรস্থาศรมเป็นที่พึ่ง—เราจักกล่าวถึงธรรมของฤๅษีผู้พำนักในป่านั้น; จงฟังคำของเรา

क्रमशःgradually, in order
क्रमशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रमशस्
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अवधूयhaving cast off, having discarded
अवधूय:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-धू
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
एनाम्this (her/it) (f.)
एनाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
तृतीयाम्third
तृतीयाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
वृत्तिम्mode of life, livelihood, conduct
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
उत्तमाम्best, excellent
उत्तमाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
संयोग-व्रत-खिन्नानाम्of those wearied by vows connected with conjugal association
संयोग-व्रत-खिन्नानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंयोगव्रतखिन्न
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वानप्रस्थ-आश्रम-औकसाम्of the dwellers in the vānaprastha-āśrama
वानप्रस्थ-आश्रम-औकसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थाश्रमौकस्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वत्सO child/dear one
वत्स:
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vanaprastha-ashrama
G
Grihastha (implied as the 'third vṛtti')

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces a transition in dharma-teaching: moving beyond the householder’s disciplined life toward the Vanaprastha ideal, emphasizing gradual renunciation and a shift from conjugal, socially embedded observances to forest-based austerity and contemplation.

Bhishma, instructing his listener (addressed as “vatsa”), signals that he will now explain the duties of Vanaprastha sages—those who have become tired of household vows performed with a spouse and have adopted the forest-dweller stage.