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Shloka 2

अध्यात्म-तत्त्व-निर्णयः

Adhyātma Taxonomy: Elements, Faculties, and Guṇas

शुक उवाच प्रज्ञावान्‌ श्रोत्रियो यज्वा कृतप्रज्ञोडनसूयक: । अनागतमनैतिहां कथं ब्रह्माधिगच्छति,शुकदेवने पूछा--पिताजी! प्रज्ञावान, वेदवेत्ता, याज्ञिक, दोष-दृष्टिसे रहित तथा शुद्ध बुद्धिवाला पुरुष उस ब्रह्मको कैसे प्राप्त करता है, जो प्रत्यक्ष और अनुमानसे भी अज्ञात है तथा वेदके द्वारा भी जिसका इदमित्थंरूपसे वर्णन नहीं किया गया है

śuka uvāca — prajñāvān śrotriyo yajvā kṛtaprajño 'n asūyakaḥ | anāgatam anaitihyaṃ kathaṃ brahmādhigacchati ||

ศุกะกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่บิดา บุรุษผู้มีปัญญา เป็นผู้รู้พระเวท เป็นผู้ประกอบยัญญะ มีความเข้าใจมั่นคง และไม่เพ่งโทษผู้อื่น จะเข้าถึงพรหมันซึ่งอยู่พ้นการรับรู้โดยตรงและการอนุมาน และซึ่งแม้ในพระเวทก็มิได้พรรณนาอย่างชี้ชัดว่า ‘เป็นเช่นนี้เท่านั้น’ ได้อย่างไร?”

शुकःŚuka
शुकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशुक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रज्ञावान्wise, possessing discernment
प्रज्ञावान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रज्ञावत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रोत्रियःVeda-learned (one versed in śruti)
श्रोत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्वाsacrificer, performer of yajña
यज्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतप्रज्ञःof steady/formed wisdom (one whose understanding is settled)
कृतप्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतप्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयकःnon-censorious, free from envy/carping
अनसूयकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनसूयक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनागतम्not yet come; not manifest (unattained by direct means)
अनागतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनैतिह्यम्not based on tradition/itihāsa; not describable as 'so it is'
अनैतिह्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनैतिह्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
ब्रह्मBrahman (the Absolute)
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अधिगच्छतिattains, realizes
अधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

शुक उवाच

Ś
Śuka (Śukadeva)
B
Brahman

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a central Vedāntic problem: Brahman is not an object available to ordinary pramāṇas like sense-perception (pratyakṣa) or inference (anumāna), nor is it described in the Veda as a finite, fully objectifiable entity. Therefore, realization requires inner purification and steady discernment—qualities listed here (wisdom, Vedic learning, sacrificial discipline, settled understanding, and non-censoriousness)—pointing toward knowledge grounded in śāstra-guided inquiry and direct realization rather than mere external proof.

Śuka (Śukadeva) addresses his father/teacher in a questioning mode, presenting the profile of an ideal seeker and asking how such a person can realize Brahman, which is said to be beyond common means of knowing and not describable in a straightforward, definitive way. This sets up the subsequent instruction on the means to Brahman-realization.