Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 14

अध्यात्म-तत्त्व-निर्णयः

Adhyātma Taxonomy: Elements, Faculties, and Guṇas

आश्रयो नास्ति सत्त्वस्य गुणा: शब्दो न चेतना । सत्त्वं हि तेज: सृजति न गुणान्‌ वै कथंचन,शरीर भी वास्तवमें सत्त्व अर्थात्‌ बुद्धिका आश्रय नहीं है; क्योंकि पाउचभौतिक शरीर तो उसका कार्य है तथा गुण, शब्द एवं चेतना भी बुद्धिके आश्रय (कारण) नहीं हैं; क्योंकि बुद्धि चेतनाकी सृष्टि करती है, परंतु बुद्धि त्रिगुणात्मिका प्रकृतिको उत्पन्न नहीं करती; क्योंकि बुद्धि स्वयं उसका कार्य है

āśrayo nāsti sattvasya guṇāḥ śabdo na cetanā | sattvaṃ hi tejaḥ sṛjati na guṇān vai kathaṃcana ||

วยาสะกล่าวว่า—สัตตวะ (หลักแห่งปัญญา) มิได้มีที่พึ่งภายนอกในตัวมันเอง; ทั้งคุณะทั้งหลาย, เสียง, หรือจิตสำนึก ก็หาใช่ที่พึ่งของมันไม่. สัตตวะก่อให้เกิดเตชัส (พลังสว่างไสว) แต่หาได้ก่อให้เกิดคุณะทั้งหลายไม่ไม่ว่าโดยประการใด

आश्रयःsupport, substratum
आश्रयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्त्वस्यof sattva / of being (here: of buddhi/sattva-principle)
सत्त्वस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
गुणाःqualities
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शब्दःsound/word
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
चेतनाconsciousness/awareness
चेतना:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचेतना (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्त्वम्sattva (here: buddhi/sattva-principle)
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
तेजःsplendor, energy, fire (tejas)
तेजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सृजतिcreates, produces
सृजति:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
कथंचनin any way, at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन (अव्यय)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse argues that sattva/buddhi should not be treated as the ultimate substratum of reality: it can be a cause for certain manifestations (like tejas/illumination), but it is not the source of the guṇas themselves. This supports a layered causality where intellect is not the first principle but part of Prakṛti’s evolutes, while the guṇas remain fundamental to Prakṛti.

In the didactic setting of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa is presenting a philosophical clarification—using Sāṅkhya-like categories—to disentangle what depends on what: body and sensory phenomena are not the ground of intellect, and intellect is not the ground of the guṇas. The passage advances the larger instruction on liberation through correct discrimination of principles.