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Shloka 35

Yoga-kṛtya (योककृत्य) — Vyāsa on Sense-Restraint, Obstacles, and Brahman-Realization

त्रेतायां संहता वेदा यज्ञा वर्णाश्रमास्तथा । संरोधादायुषस्त्वेते भ्रश्यन्ते द्वापरे युगे,त्रेतायुगमें वेद, यज्ञ और वर्णाश्रम-धर्म सुव्यवस्थितरूपसे पालित होते थे; परंतु द्वापरयुगमें आयुकी न्यूनता होनेसे लोगोंमें उनके पालनका उत्साह कम हो गया--वे वेद यज्ञ आदिसे च्युत होने लगे

tretāyāṃ saṃhatā vedā yajñā varṇāśramās tathā | saṃrodhād āyuṣas tv ete bhraśyante dvāpare yuge ||

วยาสะกล่าวว่า: ในสมัยเตรตายุค พระเวททั้งหลายดำรงเป็นเอกภาพมั่นคง ทั้งยัญพิธีและระเบียบวรรณะ–อาศรมก็ได้รับการรักษาอย่างถูกต้อง แต่ในสมัยทวาปรยุค เมื่ออายุมนุษย์สั้นลง สิ่งเหล่านี้เริ่มเสื่อมถอย ผู้คนค่อย ๆ หลุดห่างจากพระเวท ยัญพิธี และหน้าที่แห่งวรรณะ–อาศรม

त्रेतायाम्in the Tretā (age)
त्रेतायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
संहताःunited/collected (intact)
संहताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंहत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यज्ञाःsacrifices
यज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वर्णाश्रमाःthe (systems of) varṇa and āśrama
वर्णाश्रमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्णाश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand likewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
संरोधात्from the curtailment/constraint
संरोधात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंरोध
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
आयुषःof lifespan
आयुषः:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भ्रश्यन्तेfall away/decline
भ्रश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रंश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
द्वापरेin Dvāpara
द्वापरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वापर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युगेin the age/epoch
युगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
Tretā-yuga
D
Dvāpara-yuga
V
Vedas
Y
Yajña
V
Varṇāśrama-dharma

Educational Q&A

As the yugas progress, human capacity—especially lifespan and steadiness—diminishes, and with it the ability to preserve Vedic learning, sacrificial discipline, and varṇāśrama duties; dharma declines not merely by doctrine but by weakened human endurance and commitment.

Vyāsa is explaining a yuga-based account of social and religious change: in Tretā, Vedic and ritual order is stable and well-observed; by Dvāpara, due to curtailed lifespan, people lose vigor for sustained observance, and established institutions begin to erode.