Shloka 75

Devanagari script

त्वमेव हि पुरा वेत्थ यत्‌ तदा पौरुषं मम

Transliteration

tvam eva hi purā vettha yat tadā pauruṣaṃ mama

Translation

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—“โอ้พระอินทร์ ท่านเท่านั้นที่รู้มาตั้งแต่ก่อนแล้วว่า ในครั้งนั้นความกล้าหาญและกำลังใจของข้าเป็นเช่นไร.”

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• हि: for/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• पुरा: formerly/earlier
• पुरा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा

• वेत्थ: you knew/you know well
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: लिट् (परिपूर्ण/परफेक्ट), मध्यम, एकवचन

• यत्: that which/what
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद्

• तदा: then/at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• पौरुषम्: manliness/valor
• पौरुषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौरुष
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मम: of me/my
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, षष्ठी, एकवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhīṣma appeals to a trusted witness’s prior knowledge to establish the truth of his past conduct and capability. Ethically, it highlights accountability: one’s earlier choices and strength are not merely self-claimed but are validated by those who truly knew the circumstances.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction, Bhīṣma—speaking to his listener—refers back to an earlier episode and asserts that the listener already knows what Bhīṣma’s valor and resolve were at that time, using recollection to support his ongoing counsel.