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Shloka 15

कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च

Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation

हत्वा जित्वा च मघवन्‌ यः कश्ित्‌ पुरुषायते । अकर्ता होव भवति कर्ता होव करोति तत्‌

hatvā jitvā ca maghavan yaḥ kaścit puruṣāyate | akartā hova bhavati kartā hova karoti tat, maghavan ||

ศักระตรัสว่า “โอ้มฆวัน ผู้ใดฆ่าหรือพิชิตแล้วอวดอ้างกำลังบุรุษของตน ผู้นั้นแท้จริงมิใช่ผู้กระทำกรรมนั้น เพราะผู้กระทำที่แท้คือผู้สร้างโลก—พระผู้เป็นเจ้าสูงสุด—พระองค์เท่านั้นที่บันดาลให้กรรมนั้นสำเร็จ”

हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मघवन्O Maghavan (Indra)
मघवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कश्चित्someone, any person
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषायतेacts the hero / prides himself on manliness
पुरुषायते:
TypeVerb
Rootपुरुषाय (धातु; नामधातु from पुरुष)
FormLat (Present), Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
अकर्ताa non-doer
अकर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअकर्ता (प्रातिपदिक; a- + कर्तृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवonly, certainly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भवतिbecomes / is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
कर्ताthe doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवonly, certainly
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
करोतिdoes, performs
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
तत्that (deed)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मघवन्O Maghavan (Indra)
मघवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श॒क्र उवाच

Ś
Śakra (Indra)
M
Maghavan (Indra)

Educational Q&A

The verse critiques egoistic doership: taking pride in killing or victory as ‘my prowess’ is a delusion. True agency belongs to the supreme ordainer; therefore one should act without arrogance, recognizing a higher causality behind outcomes.

Śakra (Indra), addressed as Maghavan, delivers an ethical reflection: even in contexts of battle or conquest, a person who boasts of personal heroism is not the real author of success; the ultimate doer is the Lord who governs the world.