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Shloka 4

श्रीशक्रसंवादः — The Dialogue of Śrī

Lakṣmī) and Śakra (Indra

भीष्म उवाच मासपक्षोपवासेन मन्यन्ते यत्‌ तपो जना: । आत्मतन्त्रोपघातस्तु न तपस्तत्सतां मतम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca māsa-pakṣopavāsena manyante yat tapo janāḥ | ātma-tantro-paghātas tu na tapas tat satāṃ matam ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—ข้าแต่ราชา! คนทั่วไปเห็นว่าการอดอาหารตลอดหนึ่งเดือนหรือครึ่งเดือนคือ “ตบะ”. แต่เมื่อการปฏิบัตินั้นกลายเป็นการทำร้ายร่างกายตนเองตามอำเภอใจ บัณฑิตทั้งหลายย่อมไม่ถือว่านั่นเป็นตบะที่แท้จริง

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मासmonth
मास:
TypeNoun
Rootमास
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
पक्षfortnight
पक्ष:
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
उपवासेनby fasting
उपवासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपवास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मन्यन्तेthink/consider
मन्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
यत्which/that (as)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आत्मself
आत्म:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
तन्त्रcontrol/discipline
तन्त्र:
TypeNoun
Rootतन्त्र
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), Singular
उपघातःinjury/affliction
उपघातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपघात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सताम्of the good/virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma distinguishes genuine tapas (disciplined, dharmic self-restraint) from mere extreme fasting that damages the body; the wise do not call self-harming practices ‘austerity’.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Shanti Parva, he advises the king on the nature of true religious discipline, correcting a common belief that long fasts alone constitute tapas.