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Shloka 20

इन्द्र–बलि संवादः

The Dialogue of Indra and Bali on Fortune, Humility, and Restraint

हेतुमच्छक्यमाख्यातुमेतावज्ज्ञानचक्षुषा । प्रत्याहारेण वा शक्‍्यमक्षरं ब्रह्म वेदितुम्‌ू,ज्ञानमयी दृष्टि रखनेवाले महापुरुष ही ब्रह्मके विषयमें युक्तिसंगत बात कह सकते हैं अथवा मन और इन्द्रियोंको विषयोंकी ओरसे हटाकर एकाग्रचित्त हो चिन्तन करनेसे भी ब्रह्मका साक्षात्कार हो सकता है

hetumac chakyam ākhyātum etāvaj jñānacakṣuṣā | pratyāhāreṇa vā śakyam akṣaraṁ brahma veditum ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—เรื่องของความจริงสูงสุดนี้ จะอธิบายอย่างมีเหตุผลได้เพียงเท่าที่มหาตมะผู้มีดวงตาแห่งญาณจะกล่าวได้เท่านั้น กระนั้น พรหมันผู้ไม่เสื่อมสูญก็อาจประจักษ์ได้ด้วยปรัตยาหาระ คือดึงจิตและอินทรีย์กลับจากอารมณ์ทั้งหลาย แล้วพิจารณาเพ่งด้วยจิตที่เป็นหนึ่ง

हेतुमत्reasoned, having a cause/ground
हेतुमत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहेतुमत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आख्यातुम्to declare/explain
आख्यातुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ख्या
FormInfinitive
एतावत्this much, so much
एतावत्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतावत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञानचक्षुषाwith the eye of knowledge
ज्ञानचक्षुषा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान-चक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रत्याहारेणby withdrawal (of the senses)
प्रत्याहारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्याहार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अक्षरम्the imperishable (Brahman)
अक्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मBrahman, the Absolute
ब्रह्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेदितुम्to know/realize
वेदितुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormInfinitive

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahman (Akshara)

Educational Q&A

Brahman is best spoken of with disciplined, insight-based reasoning (jñānacakṣus), but it is ultimately realized through inner practice—especially pratyāhāra, the withdrawal of mind and senses leading to concentrated contemplation and direct knowledge of the Imperishable.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on liberation and higher knowledge, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira by describing who is qualified to speak about Brahman and indicating a practical yogic means—sense-withdrawal and focused meditation—for realizing it.