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Shloka 26

Doṣa-Parīkṣā and Guṇa-Viveka

Examination of Faults and Discernment of the Guṇas

धर्मादुत्कृष्यते श्रेयस्तथाश्रेयोडप्यधर्मत: । रागवान्‌ प्रकृतिं होति विरक्तो ज्ञानवान्‌ भवेत्‌,धर्म करनेसे श्रेयकी वृद्धि होती है और अधर्म करनेसे मनुष्यका अकल्याण होता है। विषयासक्त पुरुष प्रकृतिको प्राप्त होता है और विरक्त आत्मज्ञान प्राप्त करके मुक्त हो जाता है

dharmād utkr̥ṣyate śreyas tathāśreyo 'py adharmataḥ | rāgavān prakr̥tiṁ hoti virakto jñānavān bhavet ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—ด้วยธรรมะ ความเกื้อกูลอันประเสริฐย่อมยกสูงขึ้น; ด้วยอธรรมะ แม้ความเกื้อกูลก็กลับเป็นโทษ. ผู้มีราคะย่อมตกอยู่ใต้อำนาจปรกฤติ; ส่วนผู้วางเฉยไร้ความยึดติดย่อมเป็นผู้มีญาณ และมุ่งสู่โมกษะ

धर्मात्from dharma
धर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
उत्कृष्यतेis increased / is exalted
उत्कृष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+कृष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
श्रेयःwelfare, the good
श्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अश्रेयःharm, the not-good
अश्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अधर्मतःfrom adharma
अधर्मतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
रागवान्passionate, attached
रागवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरागवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रकृतिम्nature (prakṛti)
प्रकृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
होतिbecomes
होति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
विरक्तःdetached
विरक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानवान्possessed of knowledge
ज्ञानवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञानवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become / becomes (potentially)
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Dharma increases śreyas (the higher good), while adharma produces aśreyas (harm). Attachment (rāga) binds one to prakṛti and its compulsions; detachment (virāga) supports true knowledge (jñāna), which leads toward freedom.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on right conduct and inner discipline after the war. Here he contrasts the outcomes of dharma versus adharma and links ethical life with the psychological-spiritual shift from attachment to knowledge and liberation.