Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 22

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

वाचा तु यत्‌ कर्म करोति किंचिद्‌ वाचैव सर्व समुपाश्चुते तत्‌ । मनस्तु यत्‌ कर्म करोति किज्चि- न्‍्मनःस्थ एवायमुपाश्चुते तत्‌,मनुष्य वाणीद्वारा जो कोई कर्म करता है, उसका सारा फल वह वाणीद्वारा ही भोगता है और मनसे जो कुछ कर्म करता है, उसका फल यह जीवात्मा मनके साथ हुआ मनसे ही भोगता है

vācā tu yat karma karoti kiñcid vācāiva sarvaṃ samupāśnute tat | manas tu yat karma karoti kiñcin manaḥstha evāyam upāśnute tat ||

การกระทำใดที่บุคคลทำด้วยวาจา เขาย่อมเสวยผลทั้งสิ้นด้วยวาจานั้นเอง และการกระทำใดที่ทำด้วยใจ (มนัส) เขาย่อมเสวยผลโดยตั้งอยู่ในใจ—ด้วยใจเท่านั้น ดังนั้นการสำรวมวาจาและการครองใจจึงเป็นแก่นสำคัญแห่งธรรม

वाचाby speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (स्त्री)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यत्whatever (which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मaction/deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (नपुं)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किंचित्anything/something
किंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिंचित्
वाचाby speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (स्त्री)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपाश्नुतेenjoys/experiences
उपाश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (उप + अश्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
तत्that (result)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (नपुं)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यत्whatever (which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मaction/deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (नपुं)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
करोतिdoes
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किंचित्anything/something
किंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिंचित्
मनःस्थःsituated in the mind
मनःस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमनःस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपाश्नुतेenjoys/experiences
उपाश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (उप + अश्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
तत्that (result)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
man (manuṣya)

Educational Q&A

Actions bear fruit in accordance with their instrument: verbal deeds yield consequences through speech (praise, blame, trust, conflict), and mental deeds yield consequences within the mind (peace, guilt, agitation). Therefore, ethical discipline must include both truthful, restrained speech and purified intention.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and conduct, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira about the workings of karma. Here he distinguishes the results of actions performed by speech versus those performed mentally, emphasizing inner and outer restraint.