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Shloka 70

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

यतो धर्मस्ततः सत्य॑ सर्व सत्येन वर्धते । किमर्थमनृतं कर्म कर्तु राज॑स्त्वमिच्छसि,जहाँ धर्म है वहाँ सत्य है। सत्यसे ही सबकी वृद्धि होती है। राजन! आप क्‍यों असत्यपूर्ण बर्ताव करना चाहते हैं?

yato dharmas tato satyaṁ sarvaṁ satyena vardhate | kim artham anṛtaṁ karma kartuṁ rājas tvam icchasi ||

ที่ใดมีธรรมะ ที่นั่นมีสัจจะ; และด้วยสัจจะสรรพสิ่งทั้งปวงจึงเจริญงอกงาม. ข้าแต่พระราชา ไฉนพระองค์จึงปรารถนาจะกระทำการที่ตั้งอยู่บนความเท็จ?

यतःwhere/from where
यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from/where')
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ततःthere/then; from that (place/point)
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'there/from there')
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
सर्वम्all (everything)
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formneuter, nominative, singular
सत्येनby/through truth
सत्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
वर्धतेgrows, prospers, increases
वर्धते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), 3rd person, singular; ātmanepada
किम्why/what (for what reason)
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
Formindeclinable interrogative (used adverbially)
अर्थम्purpose, reason
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अनृतम्untrue, false
अनृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कर्मact, deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कर्तुम्to do, to perform
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formtumun (infinitive): 'to do'
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formmasculine (common), nominative, singular
इच्छसिyou desire, you wish
इच्छसि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), 2nd person, singular; parasmaipada

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
राजा/राजन् (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is inseparable from truth, and truth is the sustaining force behind prosperity and moral strength; therefore a ruler should not choose deceitful action.

A brāhmaṇa addresses a king with ethical admonition, urging him to abandon any intention of acting through falsehood and to align royal conduct with dharma and truth.