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Shloka 58

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

न युक्त तु मृषा वाणी त्वया वक्तुमरिंदम | तथा मयाप्यभिहितं मिथ्या कर्तु न शक्‍्यते,शत्रुदमन नरेश! आपके लिये भी झूठ बोलना उचित नहीं है और मैं भी अपनी कही हुई बातको मिथ्या नहीं कर सकता

na yukta tu mṛṣā vāṇī tvayā vaktum ariṃdama | tathā mayāpy abhihitaṃ mithyā kartuṃ na śakyate, śatrudamana nareśa |

โอ้ผู้ปราบศัตรู! ไม่สมควรที่ท่านจะกล่าวเท็จ และข้าพเจ้าก็เช่นกัน สิ่งที่ข้าพเจ้าได้กล่าวไว้แล้วไม่อาจทำให้เป็นมุสาวาทได้—วาจาของข้าพเจ้าไม่อาจแปรเป็นคำลวง

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
युक्तम्proper, fitting
युक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मृषाfalsely, untruthfully
मृषा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृषा
वाणीspeech, words
वाणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अरिंदमO foe-subduer
अरिंदम:
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अभिहितम्said, spoken
अभिहितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हिता
FormKta (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
मिथ्याfalse(ly)
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
कर्तुम्to make, to render
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormTumun (infinitive)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्यतेis possible
शक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive, Third, Singular
शत्रुदमनO enemy-subduer
शत्रुदमन:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुदमन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेशO king
नरेश:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (a Brahmin speaker)
नरेश (a king, addressed)
A
ariṃdama/śatrudamana (epithets of the addressed king)

Educational Q&A

Truthful speech is a dharmic obligation for both ruler and Brahmin: the king should not resort to falsehood, and the speaker must not invalidate his own declared word. Integrity of speech is presented as a moral constraint that binds all, regardless of power.

A Brahmin addresses a king using royal epithets (‘tamer of enemies’) and refuses any move toward lying or retracting truth. The exchange frames an ethical tension—pressure to alter statements versus the duty to uphold satya—within a didactic setting typical of Śānti Parva.