Shloka 42
Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman
Manu’s Instruction
Devanagari script
राजोवाच क्षत्रियो5हं न जानामि देहीति वचन क्वचित् । प्रयच्छ युद्धमित्येवंवादिन: स्मो द्विजोत्तम,राजा बोले--द्विजश्रेष्ठ! मैं क्षत्रिय हूँ। “दीजिये” ऐसा कहकर याचना करनेकी बातको मैं कभी नहीं जानता। माँगनेके नामपर तो हमलोग यही कहना जानते हैं कि “युद्ध दो”
Translation
พระราชาตรัสว่า “ข้าแต่ทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ ข้าพเจ้าเป็นกษัตริย์นักรบ (กษัตริยะ) ไม่เคยรู้จักการเอ่ยคำว่า ‘โปรดให้’ เพื่อขอทานเลย หากจะเรียกว่าขอ เรารู้เพียงคำเดียว—‘จงให้ศึกสงคราม’”
Word by Word
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
जानामिI know
जानामि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
देहिgive (you)!
देहि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
वचनम्a word/utterance
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्वचित्ever/at any time
क्वचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
प्रयच्छgrant/give (you)!
प्रयच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-यम्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वादिनःspeakers/sayers
वादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्मःwe are
स्मः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 1, Plural, Parasmaipada
द्विजोत्तमO best of the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजोत्तम:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
ब्राह्मण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes