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Shloka 15

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

पुरुषैरिन्द्रियाणीह वेदितव्यानि कृत्स्नश: । तमो रजश्न सत्त्वं च तेडपि भावास्तदाश्रिता:

puruṣair indriyāṇīha veditavyāni kṛtsnaśaḥ | tamo rajaś ca sattvaṃ ca te 'pi bhāvās tad-āśritāḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ในโลกนี้ มนุษย์พึงรู้จักและคุ้มครองอินทรีย์ของตน (พร้อมทั้งเครื่องมือภายใน) ให้ถ่องแท้ เพราะตมัส รชัส และสัตตวะ—สามคุณ—ย่อมอาศัยสิ่งเหล่านี้จึงดำเนินการได้”

पुरुषैःby men; by persons
पुरुषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
इहhere; in this world/context
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
वेदितव्यानिare to be known; should be understood
वेदितव्यानि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural, obligation/necessity (to be known)
कृत्स्नशःentirely; completely; in full
कृत्स्नशः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत्स्नशः
तमःtamas; darkness/inertia
तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रजःrajas; passion/activity
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and (Vedic/epic connective); also (here as conjunction)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सत्त्वम्sattva; clarity/goodness
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भावाःstates; entities; conditions
भावाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाश्रिताःdependent on that; resting on that
तदाश्रिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतद्-आश्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
I
indriyas (senses)
T
tamas
R
rajas
S
sattva

Educational Q&A

One should vigilantly know and regulate the senses and inner faculties, because the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) express themselves through them; mastery of conduct begins with mastery of these instruments.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on ethical and psychological discipline, emphasizing sense-awareness and governance as the basis for stable character and right action.