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Shloka 12

Ācāra-vidhi (Rules of Conduct) — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Catalogue

प्राणानां संनिपाताच्च संनिपात: प्रजायते । ऊष्मा चाग्निरिति ज्ञेयो योडज्न॑ं पचति देहिनाम्‌

bharadvāja uvāca | prāṇānāṁ sannipātāc ca sannipātaḥ prajāyate | ūṣmā cāgnir iti jñeyo yo 'nnaṁ pacati dehinām |

เมื่อปราณทั้งหลายมาประชุมกัน ย่อมเกิดการประสานรวมขึ้น ความร้อนที่รู้สึกในกายของสัตว์โลกพึงรู้ว่าเป็น ‘อัคนี’ คือไฟย่อยอาหาร อันย่อยสิ่งที่กินเข้าไปของผู้มีร่างกาย

प्राणानाम्of the vital airs
प्राणानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
संनिपातात्from the conjunction/coming together
संनिपातात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंनिपात
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संनिपातःconjunction/aggregation
संनिपातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंनिपात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजायतेarises/is produced
प्रजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √जन् (जायते)
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
ऊष्माheat
ऊष्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऊष्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अग्निःfire (digestive fire)
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ज्ञेयःto be known/understood
ज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Root√ज्ञा (ज्ञेय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwhich/who
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पचतिdigests/cooks
पचति:
TypeVerb
Root√पच्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
देहिनाम्of embodied beings
देहिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
P
prāṇa (vital breaths)
A
agni (digestive fire/jāṭharāgni)
A
anna (food)
D
dehin (embodied beings)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies bodily warmth with agni, specifically the digestive fire that processes food, and links its operation to the convergence and pervasion of the prāṇas. It teaches a disciplined understanding of the body as governed by subtle vital principles rather than by mere chance.

In a didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Bharadvāja explains an inner, physiological-spiritual account of embodied life: how prāṇa functions throughout the limbs and how the associated inner fire (jāṭharāgni) digests what beings eat.