Shloka 30

ब्राह्मणो मध्यदेशीय: कश्रिद्‌ वै ब्रह्मवर्जित: । ग्रामं वृद्धियुतं वीक्ष्य प्राविशद्‌ भैक्ष्यकांक्षया,मध्यदेशका एक ब्राह्मण, जिसने वेद बिलकुल नहीं पढ़ा था, कोई सम्पन्न गाँव देखकर उसमें भीख माँगनेके लिये गया

brāhmaṇo madhyadeśīyaḥ kaścid vai brahma-varjitaḥ | grāmaṁ vṛddhi-yutaṁ vīkṣya prāviśad bhaikṣya-kāṅkṣayā ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “มีพราหมณ์ผู้หนึ่งมาจากมัธยเทศ แม้กำเนิดเป็นพราหมณ์แต่ปราศจากการศึกษาพระเวทโดยสิ้นเชิง ครั้นเห็นหมู่บ้านอันมั่งคั่ง เขาก็เข้าไปด้วยความปรารถนาจะขอทาน”

ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मध्यदेशीयःfrom the Madhyadeśa (middle country)
मध्यदेशीयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यदेशीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कश्चित्a certain (one)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
ब्रह्मवर्जितःdevoid of brahman/veda (Vedic learning)
ब्रह्मवर्जितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मवर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ग्रामम्a village
ग्रामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वृद्धियुतम्endowed with prosperity/abundance
वृद्धियुतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्धियुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वीक्ष्यhaving seen
वीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवीक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
प्राविशत्entered
प्राविशत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भैक्ष्यकाङ्क्षयाwith the desire for alms
भैक्ष्यकाङ्क्षया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्यकाङ्क्षा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇaḥ (a certain Brahmin)
M
Madhyadeśa
G
grāma (village)
B
bhaikṣya (alms)

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces a case meant to test ethical definitions of status and virtue: a person called a Brahmin by birth seeks alms despite lacking Vedic learning, prompting reflection on whether true worth rests on lineage, learning (brahma), or right conduct (ācāra).

Bhishma begins a story: an unlearned Brahmin from the Madhyadeśa notices a prosperous village and goes into it to beg for alms, setting the stage for an ensuing encounter or lesson about dharma and social-religious identity.