Shloka 42

अस्तेन॑ स्तेन इत्युक्त्वा द्विगुणं पापमाप्नुयात्‌ त्रिभागं ब्रह्महत्याया: कन्या प्राप्रोति दुष्पती,जो चोर नहीं है, उसको चोर कह देनेसे मनुष्यको चोरसे दूना पाप लगता है। कुमारी कन्या यदि अपनी इच्छासे चरित्रभ्रष्ट हो जाय तो उसे ब्रह्महत्याका तीन चौथाई पाप भोगना पड़ता है

astenaṁ stena ity uktvā dviguṇaṁ pāpam āpnuyāt | tribhāgaṁ brahmahatyāyāḥ kanyā prāpnoti duṣpatī ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—หากผู้ใดเรียกคนที่มิใช่ขโมยว่า ‘ขโมย’ ผู้นั้นย่อมได้บาปเป็นสองเท่าของบาปแห่งการลักขโมยเอง และหญิงพรหมจารีผู้สมัครใจตกไปในความไม่บริสุทธิ์ ย่อมต้องรับส่วนหนึ่งแห่งบาป “พรหมหัตยา” (การฆ่าพราหมณ์)

अस्तेनम्a non-thief (one who is not a thief)
अस्तेनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-स्तेन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्तेनःa thief
स्तेनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Non-finite
द्विगुणम्twofold, double
द्विगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि-गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पापम्sin
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्नुयात्would incur/attain
आप्नुयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिभागम्a third part
त्रिभागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि-भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्महत्यायाःof brahmin-slaying (the sin of killing a Brahmin)
ब्रह्महत्यायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्महत्यā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
कन्याa maiden, girl
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्राप्नोतिattains/incurs
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु)
FormLat (present indicative), Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुष्पतिःa bad husband (lit. one with a bad lord/husband)
दुष्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्-पति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
kanyā (maiden)
S
stena (thief)
B
brahmahatyā (sin of brahmin-slaying)

Educational Q&A

The verse warns that wrongful speech—especially falsely branding an innocent person as a thief—creates heavier moral fault than the crime alleged. It stresses accountability for words and the social harm caused by false accusation, and it frames sexual misconduct as carrying severe demerit by comparison with major sins.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he gives a rule-like ethical judgment about the relative gravity of sins, focusing on the consequences of slander/false accusation and on misconduct that violates accepted norms of chastity.