Shloka 23

Devanagari script

प्राजापत्यमदत्त्वाश्चमग्न्याधेयस्य दक्षिणाम्‌ । अनाहिताग्निरिति स प्रोच्यते धर्मदर्शिभि:,जो अग्निहोत्र आरम्भ करके प्रजापति देवताके लिये अश्वरूप दक्षिणाका दान नहीं करता, धर्मदर्शी पुरुष उसे अनाहिताग्नि कहते- हैं

Transliteration

prājāpatyam adattvāś ca agnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām | anāhitāgnir iti sa procyate dharmadarśibhiḥ ||

Translation

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ผู้ใดเริ่มพิธีอัคนยาธานะแล้ว แต่ไม่ถวายทักษิณาที่กำหนดแด่ปรชาปติ—คือทักษิณาเป็นรูปม้า—ผู้นั้นบัณฑิตผู้เห็นธรรมย่อมเรียกว่า ‘อนาหิตาคนิ’ ผู้ยังมิได้ตั้งไฟศักดิ์สิทธิ์โดยสมบูรณ์”

Word by Word

प्राजापत्यम्Prajapati-related (Prajapatya)

अदत्त्वाhaving not given

चand

अग्न्याधेयस्यof the Agnyādhāna (establishing the sacred fires)

दक्षिणाम्the sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)

अनाहिताग्निःone who has not established the sacred fires

इतिthus

सःhe

प्रोच्यतेis called / is said

धर्मदर्शिभिःby the seers of dharma / those who perceive dharma

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Prajāpati

Agnyādhāna (Agnyādheya)

Dakṣiṇā (ritual fee)

Aśva (horse, as the specified form of dakṣiṇā in the given gloss)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ritual acts are incomplete without fulfilling their prescribed obligations—especially the proper dakṣiṇā. Merely lighting or commencing the sacred-fire rite does not confer the status of an ‘āhitāgni’ unless the rite is completed in accordance with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma in the Śānti Parva, he defines a normative standard: a person who starts Agnyādhāna but withholds the Prajāpati-related dakṣiṇā is judged by dharma-knowers as effectively ‘not having established the fires’ (anāhitāgni).