Shloka 9

तस्माद्‌ वैरं न कुर्वीत दुर्बलो बलवत्तरै: | शोचेद्धि वैरं कुर्वाणो यथा वै शाल्मलिस्तथा,अतः: दुर्बल मनुष्य बलवानोंके साथ वैर न करे। यदि वह करता है तो सेमलके समान ही शोचनीय दशाको पहुँचकर शोकमग्न होता है

tasmād vairaṃ na kurvīta durbalo balavattaraiḥ | śoced dhi vairaṃ kurvāṇo yathā vai śālmalis tathā ||

เพราะฉะนั้น ผู้มีกำลังน้อยไม่ควรก่อเวรกับผู้มีกำลังยิ่งกว่า หากก่อเวรแล้ว ย่อมตกอยู่ในสภาพน่าเวทนา คร่ำครวญเศร้าโศก ดุจต้นศาลมลี

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
वैरम्enmity
वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुर्वीतshould do/make
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्बलःa weak (person)
दुर्बलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलवत्तरैःwith stronger (persons)
बलवत्तरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural, Comparative (तर)
शोचेत्would grieve/should grieve
शोचेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वैरम्enmity
वैरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुर्वाणःdoing/making
कुर्वाणः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
शाल्मलिःthe silk-cotton tree (śālmali)
शाल्मलिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्मलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
śālmali (silk-cotton tree)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches practical dharma: a weaker person should avoid initiating hostility against stronger opponents, because such enmity predictably ends in suffering and regret for the weaker party.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on ethics and statecraft after the war. Here he offers a cautionary maxim about power imbalance in conflicts, illustrated with the proverbial comparison to the śālmali tree.