Shloka 14

Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154

Devanagari script

कर्मान्तविरते लोके अस्तं गच्छति भास्करे । गम्यतां स्वमधिष्ठानं सुतस्नेहं विसृज्य वै

Transliteration

karmāntavirate loke astaṃ gacchati bhāskare | gamyatāṃ svam adhiṣṭhānaṃ sutasnehaṃ visṛjya vai ||

Translation

เมื่อพระอาทิตย์กำลังลับฟ้า โลกก็ยุติงานประจำวันและถอนตนจากกิจการทั้งปวง พวกท่านก็จงกลับสู่ที่พำนักของตนเถิด โดยแท้จงวางความผูกพันด้วยความรักต่อบุตรลงเสีย

Word by Word

• कर्मान्तविरते: when (people are) ceased from daily tasks
• कर्मान्तविरते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कर्मान्तविरत
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अस्तं: to setting (down)
• अस्तं: Karma
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अस्तम्

• गच्छति: goes
• गच्छति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भास्करे: when the sun (is)
• भास्करे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• गम्यताम्: let (one) go / one should go
• गम्यताम्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Imperative (Lot), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, impersonal/passive-style injunction: 'let it be gone/one should go'

• स्वम्: one's own
• स्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अधिष्ठानम्: abode, home, seat
• अधिष्ठानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिष्ठान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सुतस्नेहम्: affection for (one's) son
• सुतस्नेहम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुतस्नेह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विसृज्य: having abandoned, giving up
• विसृज्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+सृज्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• वै: indeed, surely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Bhāskara (the Sun)
• loka (the people/world)
• adhiṣṭhāna (home/abode)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse urges restraint and detachment: when the day’s duties end—symbolized by the setting sun—one should withdraw appropriately and not be driven by personal attachment (here, affection for a son).

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma, speaking in Śānti Parva, signals that evening has come and the day’s activities have concluded; he instructs the listeners to return home and to set aside emotionally charged attachment connected with their son.