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Shloka 18

Daṇḍa as the Foundation of Social Order (दण्डप्रतिष्ठा)

एतान्‌ देवान्‌ नमस्यन्ति प्रतापप्रणता जना: । जो देवता दूसरोंका वध करनेवाले हैं, उन्हींकी संसार अधिक पूजा करता है। रुद्र, स्कन्द, इन्द्र, अग्नि, वरुण, यम, काल, वायु, मृत्यु, कुबेर, सूर्य, वसु, मरुद्ण, साध्य तथा विश्वेदेव--से सब देवता दूसरोंका वध करते हैं; इनके प्रतापके सामने नतमस्तक होकर सब लोग इन्हें नमस्कार करते हैं || १६-१७ $ ।। न ब्रह्माणं न धातारं न पूषाणं कथंचन

etān devān namasyanti pratāpa-praṇatā janāḥ | na brahmāṇaṃ na dhātāraṃ na pūṣāṇaṃ kathaṃcana ||

อรชุนกล่าวว่า “ผู้คนย่อมนอบน้อมต่อเทพเหล่านี้ ด้วยถูกกดทับด้วยเดชานุภาพของเขา และกราบไหว้แต่พวกเขาเท่านั้น ทว่าไม่บูชาพรหมา ไม่บูชาธาตฤ และไม่บูชาปูษันโดยประการใดเลย”

एतान्these (ones)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
देवान्gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नमस्यन्तिthey bow to / worship
नमस्यन्ति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootनमस् (धातु: नम्)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रताप-प्रणताःbowed down due to (their) might
प्रताप-प्रणताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रताप + प्रणत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्रह्माणम्Brahmā
ब्रह्माणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धातारम्Dhātā (the Creator/Ordainer)
धातारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूषाणम्Pūṣan
पूषाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपूषन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कथंचनin any way / at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
Brahmā
D
Dhātṛ
P
Pūṣan

Educational Q&A

The verse critiques a tendency in society to revere deities primarily for their coercive power—those who punish or destroy—while neglecting reverence for principles of creation, sustenance, and nourishment (symbolized by Brahmā, Dhātṛ, and Pūṣan). It raises an ethical question about whether worship is guided by fear of power or by appreciation of sustaining goodness.

In the Shānti Parva’s reflective discourse, Arjuna speaks about human religious behavior: people bow to certain gods out of awe at their might, but do not similarly honor Brahmā, Dhātṛ, or Pūṣan. The statement functions as an observation about social values and the psychology of devotion.