Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 58

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

तव पुत्रो ममापत्यं हतवान्‌ स हतो मया । अनन्तरं त्वयाहं च हन्तव्या हि नराधिप,नरेश्वर! आपके बेटेने मेरे बच्चेकों मार डाला और मैंने भी उसकी आँखोंको नष्ट कर दिया। इसके बाद अब आप मेरा वध कर डालेंगे

tava putro mamāpatyaṃ hatavān sa hato mayā | anantaraṃ tvayāhaṃ ca hantavyā hi narādhipa ||

ข้าแต่พระราชา! โอรสของท่านฆ่าบุตรของข้า ฉะนั้นข้าจึงฆ่าเขาเสีย บัดนี้ต่อจากนี้ไป โอ้ผู้เป็นจอมแห่งมนุษย์ การประหารข้าก็ย่อมเป็นหน้าที่ของท่านโดยแท้

तवyour
तव:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्
अपत्यम्offspring/child
अपत्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
हतवान्killed/has slain
हतवान्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formपरोक्षभूत (लिट्-अर्थे क्तवतु), प्रथम, एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
हतःwas killed
हतः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formभूत (क्त), —, एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग
मयाby me
मया:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
अनन्तरम्after that/thereupon
अनन्तरम्:
कालाधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
Formtrue
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
कर्ता
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
अहम्me/I (here: me)
अहम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
हन्तव्याःare to be killed/must be slain
हन्तव्याः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formभाव्य (तव्यत्), —, बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
Formtrue
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

B
Brahmadatta
T
the king addressed as Narādhipa (unnamed here)
T
the king's son
B
Brahmadatta's child

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a stark ethic of consequence: a wrong (the killing of a child) triggers retaliatory violence, and then calls for the king’s impartial enforcement of justice even against the avenger. It highlights how cycles of retribution demand a higher adjudicating dharma—especially the ruler’s duty to restrain and judge, not merely to perpetuate vengeance.

Brahmadatta addresses a king, stating that the king’s son killed Brahmadatta’s child, so Brahmadatta killed the son in return. He then declares that the next step, according to the logic of royal justice and retaliation, is for the king to kill Brahmadatta.