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Shloka 66

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

बुद्धिमान्‌ वाक्यसम्पन्नस्तद्वाक्यमनुवर्णयन्‌ । स्वामवस्थां समीक्ष्याथ साम्नैव प्रत्यपूजयत्‌,उसकी बुद्धि अच्छी थी। वह बोलनेकी कलामें कुशल था। पहले तो उसने चूहेकी बातको मन-ही-मन दुहराया; फिर अपनी दशापर दृष्टिपात करके उसने सामनीतिसे ही उस चूहेकी भूरि-भूरि प्रशंसा की

buddhimān vākyasampannas tadvākyam anubarṇayan | svāmavasthāṁ samīkṣyātha sāmnaiva pratyapūjayat ||

เขาเป็นผู้มีปัญญาและชำนาญวาจา ครั้นแล้วได้ทบทวนถ้อยคำนั้นในใจ ก่อนพิจารณาสภาพของตนเอง จึงตอบด้วยนโยบายแห่ง ‘สามะ’ คือการประนีประนอม และกล่าวสรรเสริญหนูอย่างยิ่ง

बुद्धिमान्intelligent, wise
बुद्धिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाक्यसम्पन्नःendowed with good speech/eloquence
वाक्यसम्पन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक्यसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech, statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुवर्णयन्repeating, recounting
अनुवर्णयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + वर्णय्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वाम्one's own
स्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अवस्थाम्condition, state
अवस्थाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समीक्ष्यhaving considered/observed
समीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), true
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
Formtrue
साम्नाby conciliation/soothing policy (sāman)
साम्ना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formtrue
प्रत्यपूजयत्praised/honoured in return
प्रत्यपूजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + पूज्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
mouse (mūṣaka)

Educational Q&A

Before responding, one should reflect on one’s own position and choose the appropriate means; when direct force is unwise, conciliation and respectful speech (sāma) can be the most dharmic and effective strategy.

A skilled and intelligent speaker mentally reviews what the mouse has said, assesses his own circumstances, and then replies using conciliatory policy—praising the mouse profusely to achieve his aim through diplomacy rather than conflict.