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Shloka 58

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

त्वमश्रितो द्रुमस्याग्रं मूलं त्वहमुपाश्रित: । चिरोषितावुभावावां वृक्षेडस्मिन्‌ विदितं च ते,“तुम इस पेड़के ऊपर रहते हो और मैं इसकी जड़में रहता हूँ। इस प्रकार हम दोनों चिरकालसे इस वृक्षका आश्रय लेकर रहते हैं, यह बात तो तुम्हें ज्ञात ही है

tvam āśrito drumasyāgraṁ mūlaṁ tv aham upāśritaḥ | ciroṣitāv ubhāv āvāṁ vṛkṣe ’smin viditaṁ ca te ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “เจ้าพึ่งพิงอยู่ที่ยอดไม้ ส่วนเราพึ่งพิงอยู่ที่โคนราก ฉะนั้นเราทั้งสองจึงอาศัยต้นไม้นี้ดำรงอยู่มาเนิ่นนาน—เรื่องนี้เจ้าก็รู้อยู่แล้ว”

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
आश्रितःhaving taken refuge; dwelling (supported)
आश्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-श्रि (धातु) / आश्रित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रुमस्यof the tree
द्रुमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अग्रम्top; upper part
अग्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मूलम्root (base)
मूलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्I
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
उपाश्रितःhaving resorted to; dwelling near/at
उपाश्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-आ-श्रि (धातु) / उपाश्रित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चिरोषितौhaving dwelt long (for a long time)
चिरोषितौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचिर + उषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उभौboth
उभौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
आवाम्we two
आवाम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Dual
वृक्षेin/on the tree
वृक्षे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विदितम्known
विदितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-दा (धातु) / विदित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेto you; for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
T
tree (druma/vṛkṣa)
T
top of the tree (agra)
R
root of the tree (mūla)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights shared dependence: two beings occupy different positions (top and root) yet rely on the same support. Ethically, it points toward recognizing mutual reliance and responding with restraint and gratitude rather than harm toward the common sustainer.

Bhīṣma speaks in a didactic context, presenting a simple scene of two dwellers on the same tree—one above, one at the root—emphasizing that their long-standing arrangement and dependence on the tree is already known to the listener, setting up a moral reflection.