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Shloka 7

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

(पर्णाहार: कदाचिच्च नियमव्रतवानपि । कदाचिदुदकेनापि वर्तयन्ननुयन्त्रित: ।।) व्रत और नियमोंके पालनमें तत्पर हो कभी पत्ता चबा लेता और कभी पानी पीकर ही रह जाता था। उसका जीवन संयममें बँध गया था ।। श्मशाने तस्य चावासो गोमायो: सम्मतो5भवत्‌ | जन्मभूम्यनुरोधाच्च नान्यवासमरोचयत्‌,वह श्मशानभूमिमें ही रहता था। वहीं उसका जन्म हुआ था, इसलिये वही स्थान उसे पंसद था। उसे और कहीं जाकर रहनेकी रुचि नहीं होती थी

Bhīṣma uvāca — parṇāhāraḥ kadācic ca niyamavratavān api | kadācid udakena api vartayann anuyantritaḥ || śmaśāne tasya cāvāso gomāyoḥ sammato 'bhavat | janmabhūmy-anurodhāc ca nānyāvāsam arocayat ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—แม้มั่นคงในพรตและวินัย บางคราวเขาก็ยังชีพด้วยใบไม้ บางคราวก็ประคองตนด้วยน้ำเท่านั้น ชีวิตของเขาถูกผูกไว้ด้วยความสำรวมอย่างเคร่งครัด ที่พำนักของสุนัขจิ้งจอกนั้นเป็นที่ป่าช้า และเพราะเป็นถิ่นกำเนิด เขาจึงรักที่นั้น ไม่ใคร่ไปอยู่แห่งอื่น

पर्णाहारःone who subsists on leaves
पर्णाहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्णाहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कदाचित्sometimes
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नियमव्रतवान्possessing vows and observances
नियमव्रतवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियमव्रतवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कदाचित्sometimes
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
उदकेनwith water / by means of water
उदकेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वर्तयन्subsisting; maintaining (himself)
वर्तयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुयन्त्रितःrestrained; controlled
अनुयन्त्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-यन्त्रित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
श्मशानेin the cremation-ground
श्मशाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्मशान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आवासःdwelling; residence
आवासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोमायोःof the two jackals
गोमायोः:
TypeNoun
Rootगोमायु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
सम्मतःapproved; acceptable; agreeable
सम्मतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-मत
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
जन्मभूमिbirthplace
जन्मभूमि:
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मभूमि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अनुरोधात्due to attachment/consideration (for it)
अनुरोधात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुरोध
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यother
अन्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आवासम्dwelling; residence
आवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अरोचयत्did not like; did not choose
अरोचयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootरुच्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
śmaśāna (cremation-ground)
G
gomāya (cow-dung)
U
udaka (water)
P
parṇa (leaves)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights tapas through regulated living: limiting food to leaves or even only water, and choosing an austere dwelling. The ethical point is mastery over desire and comfort—discipline (niyama) and vow (vrata) shaping a life of restraint.

Bhishma describes an ascetic figure whose habits are extremely restrained: he alternates between eating leaves and drinking only water, and he lives in a cremation-ground, accepting harsh surroundings. He remains there out of attachment to his birthplace and shows no interest in relocating.