Shloka 15

Ānṛśaṃsya, Amātya-Guṇa, and Reconciliatory Counsel (आनृशंस्य–अमात्यगुण–संधि-उपदेशः)

Devanagari script

यद्ययं प्रतियुद्धयेत्‌ त्वां स्वकर्म क्षत्रियस्य तत्‌ । जिगीषमाणत्त्वां युद्धे पितृपैतामहे पदे

Transliteration

yady ayaṁ pratiyuddhyeta tvāṁ svakarma kṣatriyasya tat | jigīṣamāṇas tvāṁ yuddhe pitṛpaitāmahe pade ||

Translation

หากเขายกอาวุธเข้าต่อสู้กับท่าน ด้วยความมุ่งหมายจะพิชิตท่านในศึกเพื่ออำนาจอธิปไตยที่สืบจากบิดาและบรรพชน นั่นก็ยังเป็นหน้าที่อันชอบธรรมของกษัตริย์นักรบ (กษัตริยะ) อยู่ดี

Word by Word

• यदि: if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि

• अयम्: this (man)
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• प्रतियुद्धयेत्: should fight against
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: vidhi-lin (optative), present-system, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: accusative, singular

• स्वकर्म: one's own duty
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वकर्मन्
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• क्षत्रियस्य: of a kshatriya
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: masculine, genitive, singular

• तत्: that (indeed)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• जिगीषमाणः: desiring to conquer
• जिगीषमाणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जिगीषु (from √जि)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: accusative, singular

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• पितृपैतामहे: in the ancestral (of father and grandfather)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितृपैतामह
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• पदे: in the position/estate (realm)
• पदे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma frames armed conflict for ancestral sovereignty as potentially consistent with kshatriya-svakarma: the ethical lens is duty and rightful station, not merely personal hostility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is explaining that if a claimant engages you in battle with the aim of winning the paternal-ancestral kingdom, such fighting can be understood as the proper conduct of a warrior-ruler fulfilling his role.