Shloka 1

ऑपनक्रात बछ। अर: - हाथी, घोड़े, रथ, पैदल, कोश और धनी वैश्य--ये सेनाके छः: अंग हैं। चतुर्राधिकशततमो< ध्याय: राज्य, खजाना और सेना आदिसे वंचित हुए असहाय क्षेमदर्शी राजाके प्रति 42080 8; मुनिका वैराग्यपूर्ण उपदेश युधिछिर उवाच धार्मिको<र्थानसम्प्राप्प राजामात्यै: प्रबाधित: । च्युत: कोशाच्च दण्डाच्च सुखमिच्छन्‌ कथं चरेत्‌,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--पितामह! यदि राजा धर्मात्मा हो और उद्योग करते रहनेपर भी धन न पा सके, उस अवस्थामें यदि मन्त्री उसे कष्ट देने लगें और उसके पास खजाना तथा सेना भी न रह जाय तो सुख चाहनेवाले उस राजाको कैसे काम चलाना चाहिये?

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | dhārmiko 'rthān asamprāpya rājāmātyaiḥ prabādhitaḥ | cyutaḥ kośāc ca daṇḍāc ca sukham icchan kathaṃ caret ||

ยุธิษฐิระทูลถามว่า “ปิตามหะ! หากพระราชาทรงธรรม แม้ทรงพยายามแล้วก็ยังมิได้ทรัพย์สิน และเหล่าอำมาตย์กลับกดขี่ อีกทั้งทรงถูกพรากทั้งพระคลังและอำนาจแห่งทัณฑะ (กำลังทหาร/อำนาจลงโทษ) แล้ว—พระราชาผู้ยังปรารถนาความสงบสุขควรประพฤติอย่างไร?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
धार्मिकःrighteous
धार्मिकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधार्मिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्थान्wealth/means
अर्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
असम्प्राप्यnot having obtained
असम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (sense), Non-finite
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अमात्यैःby ministers
अमात्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रबाधितःoppressed/harassed
प्रबाधितः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-बाध्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
च्युतःfallen/deprived
च्युतः:
TypeVerb
Rootच्यु
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कोशात्from the treasury
कोशात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दण्डात्from punishment/authority (coercive power)
दण्डात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुखम्happiness/well-being
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इच्छन्desiring
इच्छन्:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
चरेत्should act/live/conduct himself
चरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-liṅ), 3, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
T
the King (rājā)
M
ministers (amātya)
T
treasury (kośa)
D
daṇḍa (coercive power/army)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic dilemma in kingship: when a ruler loses wealth and coercive power and is undermined by ministers, what ethical course of conduct remains to preserve welfare and stability without abandoning righteousness.

In the Śānti Parva’s discourse on royal duty, Yudhiṣṭhira asks Bhīṣma for guidance about a righteous king who has become powerless—bereft of treasury and enforcement—and is pressured by his own ministers.