Shloka 42

उपायधर्म-सेनायोगः

Upāya-dharma and Senāyoga: Expedient Ethics & Army Deployment

Devanagari script

एवं संशप्तशपथा: समभित्यक्तजीविता: । अमित्रवाहिनीं वीरा: प्रतिगाहन्त्यभीरव:,जो इस प्रकार शपथ लेकर जीवनका मोह छोड़ देते हैं, वे वीर पुरुष निर्भय होकर शत्रुओंकी सेनामें घुस जाते हैं

Transliteration

evaṁ saṁśaptaśapathāḥ samabhityaktajīvitāḥ | amitravāhinīṁ vīrāḥ pratigāhanty abhīravāḥ ||

Translation

ดังนี้ เหล่าวีรชนผู้ผูกตนด้วยสัตย์ปฏิญาณอันเคร่งครัดและสละความยึดติดในชีวิต ย่อมบุกเข้าสู่กองทัพศัตรูโดยปราศจากความหวาดหวั่น

Word by Word

एवम्thus, in this manner

संशप्त-शपथाःhaving vowed (taken) a binding oath

समभित्यक्त-जीविताःhaving completely abandoned (clung-to) life; ready to die

अमित्र-वाहिनीम्the enemy army

वीराःheroes, brave men

प्रतिगाहन्तिenter, plunge into, charge into

अभीरवःfearless

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

vīrāḥ (heroes/warriors)

amitra (enemy)

amitravāhinī (enemy army)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A solemnly undertaken vow, aligned with one’s duty, demands unwavering resolve; the ideal warrior overcomes fear and attachment to life to act decisively in the face of danger.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma describes vowed warriors who, having pledged themselves and relinquished concern for personal survival, boldly charge into the enemy’s ranks.