Shloka 53
Gadāyuddhe Kṛṣṇopadeśaḥ (Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel in the Mace-Duel) — Śalya-parva 57
Devanagari script
स तु तेन प्रहारेण मातड़़ इव रोषित:
Transliteration
sa tu tena prahāreṇa mātaṅga iva roṣitaḥ
Translation
แต่ครั้นถูกกระทบนั้น เขาก็เดือดดาลดุจช้างตกมัน
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तेनby that (by him/with that)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रहारेणby the blow/strike
प्रहारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मत्तःmaddened, frenzied
मत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
रोषितःangered, enraged
रोषितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरोषित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
Sañjaya (speaker)U
unnamed warrior (saḥ)E
elephant (mātaṅga)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how a single blow can ignite overpowering anger in war; ethically, it points to the danger of letting roṣa (wrath) govern action, since dharma in battle still demands discernment and self-control.
Sañjaya describes a warrior who, after being struck, reacts with intense fury, compared to a maddened elephant—an image used to convey sudden, unstoppable aggression on the battlefield.