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Shloka 56

Bhīma–Duryodhana Gadāyuddha Saṃkalpa

Resolve for the Mace Duel

क्षत्रधर्म भृशं क्रूरं निरपेक्षं सुनिर्धणम्‌ । अन्यथा तु कथं हन्युरभिमन्युं तथा गतम्‌

kṣatradharma bhṛśaṃ krūraṃ nirapekṣaṃ sunirdhanam | anyathā tu kathaṃ hanyur abhimanyuṃ tathā gatam ||

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “ธรรมของกษัตริย์นักรบนั้นโหดร้ายยิ่ง—ไม่เหลียวแลผู้ใด ไม่หวั่นไหวต่อคำวิงวอน และปราศจากความเมตตาโดยสิ้นเชิง มิฉะนั้นแล้ว พวกเขาจะสังหารอภิมันยุในสภาพเช่นนั้นได้อย่างไร?”

क्षत्रधर्मम्the duty/law of the Kshatriya
क्षत्रधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
क्रूरम्cruel
क्रूरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निरपेक्षम्regardless, without consideration
निरपेक्षम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरपेक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सुनिर्धनम्utterly impoverished/stripped (of wealth/merit); very destitute
सुनिर्धनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुनिर्धन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
हन्युःwould they kill?
हन्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अभिमन्युम्Abhimanyu
अभिमन्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमन्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गतम्gone; having come to such a state/position
गतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootगम्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Abhimanyu

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral tension within kṣatriya-dharma: warfare may be sanctioned as duty, yet its practice can become so ruthless that it appears devoid of compassion and fairness. Yudhiṣṭhira’s lament questions whether ‘dharma’ in war can remain ethical when it permits the killing of a vulnerable opponent.

Yudhiṣṭhira, grieving and morally shaken, reflects on Abhimanyu’s death. He argues that only an extremely harsh warrior code could allow Abhimanyu to be slain ‘in such a condition,’ implying he was disadvantaged and treated without mercy.