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Shloka 49

Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā — Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

तेषामाशु प्रयातानां रथानां तत्र वेगिनाम्‌ | बभूव तुमुल: शब्दो दिविस्पूक्‌ पृथिवीपते,पृथ्वीनाथ! वहाँ शीघ्रतापूर्वक यात्रा करनेवाले उनके वेगशाली रथोंका घोर घर्घर शब्द आकाशकमें व्याप्त हो गया

teṣām āśu prayātānāṁ rathānāṁ tatra veginām | babhūva tumulaḥ śabdo divi spṛk pṛthivīpate ||

ข้าแต่พระราชาแห่งแผ่นดิน เมื่อรถศึกอันรวดเร็วเหล่านั้นแล่นฉับไว ก็เกิดเสียงคำรามอื้ออึงกึกก้อง ราวกับพุ่งแตะและแผ่ซ่านไปทั่วท้องฟ้า

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
आशुquickly
आशु:
Adverbial
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
प्रयातानाम्of those who had set out / were proceeding
प्रयातानाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-या (धातु) → प्रयात (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वेगिनाम्of swift (ones)
वेगिनाम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootवेगिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
बभूवarose / became
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, dreadful
तुमुलः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दःsound, noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिविin the sky
दिवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अस्पृक्touching/reaching
अस्पृक्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्पृश् (धातु) → अस्पृक् (कृदन्त, भूत/वर्तमान-समासिक रूप)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth
पृथिवीपते:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pṛthivīpati (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)
S
sky (div)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective action in war rapidly becomes overpowering—symbolized by the sky-filling roar of chariots—suggesting that once conflict accelerates, it can eclipse calm judgment and restraint.

Sañjaya reports to the king that the warriors’ swift chariots have surged forward, producing a deafening, tumultuous sound that seems to reach the sky, signaling the intensification of the battle’s movement and urgency.